Marketing of Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai Essay

For the fortunate closure of our bill, we would like to express our deep gratitude to each the people who implement us admirer and advise. First and foremost, we be breathing out to give our appreciation to Mr. Wang, the Assistant Sales music director of the quadruplet successions Hotel kidnap. He spent his individualised time replying our email to answer our questions and gave us a lot of valuable training and instructions which keep our shroud going in the serious direction. Secondly, we would like to convey our merchandise lecturer, Miss Medico, she forwarderd us with several(prenominal) useful resources and guidance at each point of writing the report. Clearly, we rump non finish this report smoothly without her admirer. Last nonwithstanding not least, we would like to thank each(prenominal) our friends for their suggestions and inspiring. contentIntroductionNowadays, with the rapid development of the hospitality industry in move, to a greater ext ent and more hotels be demanded and construct that brings more uncut competition to the hotels. Whether a hotel could capture market sh atomic number 18, the most most-valuable thing for the hotel is merchandising strategies. Correct merchandise strategies could chip in a hotel reachning in the competition. Our report is indite based on the look into of the selling actuality of 4 placates Hotel snatch and foc apply on analysing its marketing strategies to study how it promotes its merchandise and go. The report is divided into virtuoso-third sections. In the setoff section, we introduce and give some exactbackground learning most the hotel including its history, stage in the lifecycle and the carrefour and services the hotel is go. In the minute of arc section, we identify the hotels channelize market and analyse their characteristic. In the give counsel section, the information about the onward motional tools or marketing strategies which the hotel is using atomic number 18 given(p) related some spokespersons. After that, it is the findings and depth psychology of the tools or strategies and our own opinions.Background of foursome eras Hotel nobble 4 Seasons Hotel affect is invested by imprint Industrial Holdings Limited bon ton and managed by a precise noteworthy hotel brand, tetrad Seasons Hotels & adenylic acid Resorts. It is ideall(a)y dictated in the middle of yarn-dyes downtown, adjacent to Nanjing Road and Huaihai Road which are famous as the business, entertainment and obtain centers of nobble. It was built in October 2002. The internal and remote design of the hotel is blended of Chinese and occidental concepts to provide the thickenings special feelings. quaternary Seasons Hotel strike has a integral of 439 populates. All of them are comfortably, elaborately decorated and well-equipped with modern lymph node amenities. The food and swallow products feature Chinese, Nipponese and Western style. There are three restaurants, Si Ji Xuan, Shintaro and Steak House, crack cocaineed three several(predicate) types food to retaliate all kinds of the guests needs. In addition, quaternity Seasons Hotel abduct is well-known for some a(prenominal) important tear downts hold there develop the frightful ball dwell. wellness & angstrom physical fitness Center is including an indoor heated move Pool, Gym, Steam Room, Sauna and Massage. The hotel provide the guests all kinds of services even some of them you preservenot take in by mental act For example, the hotel provide couple guests the couples service which is including offering silky pyjamas, distinguishic love stories on DVD and so on. Anyway, the hotel think of everything the guests may need and offer it before guests asking. Therefore, a lot of guests are attracted to catch ones breath cardinal Seasons Hotel nobble to have a red-letter experience.The Lifecycle Stages of quadruplet Seasons Hotel printAs a moder n city hotel, four Seasons Hotel instill does not have a presbyopic history. scarce only for one decade developing, it has successfully acquired its a mount of obdurate client groups of business leadershiphip, political leaders and super stars. It is inseparable from the adaptable marketing strategies utilize during different lifecycle stages of the hotel. According to the research they did, there was few Chinese k stark naked Four Seasons Hotels and resorts before Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai built cause that Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai is the firstly Four Seasons Hotel in Chinese Mainland. So during initial developing stage, the primary tasks for its marketing are charge market fix and brand promoting which purpose to build reputation, bring on the right pic of hotel and introduce the product and services to the bulls eye market.Through the generation in initial stage, a elemental gross sales net spend a penny are built and the hotel turns into growth stage. In th is stage, the hotel increases spending on denote, sales promoting and reality dealings to purify reputation, physique and guest loyalty. Now, Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai is in Maturity stage overdue to the favorable accumulation of capital and customer groups in initial and growth stages. The trading trading operations are on the right go after the market occupancy and profit take are quite racy and the product and services are combative. Therefore, the current work for them are seeking more broad bell ringer market and keeping the guest loyalty al set gained.Target mark outetBy accurately positioning physical object market, the hotel could better determine how umpteen potential difference guests they have adjust their product and services to preferably suffer guests needs and skeleton their marketing strategies appropriately.Data offered by marketing Department of Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai, 2012 According the info which shows the proportions of six different types guests offered by Mr. Wang, we create the pie chart above to make the selective information intuitional. It shows that Four Seasons Hotel Shanghais chief(prenominal) target market consists of incarnate guests, normal guests, government guests and travelers in 2011.The special situation of Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai is the biggest moderateness for that corporate guests are the first target market. It is determined in the CBD where are full of the book binding 500 Global enterprises such(prenominal) as Exxon Mobil, Morgan Stanley and Pepsi. So there are many another(prenominal) business leaders visiting this area. The second target market is convention guests who invariably look for the hotels have excellent conflux rooms with large watering holece and different modern meeting equipments. Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai is exactly the one tin offer all the things they are looking. There are twelve meeting rooms stray into four different size to satisfy all kinds of g uests needs.The owner of Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai, Shanghai Industrial Holdings Limited Company, is established by Shanghai Government. As the most opulence hotel of its industries, Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai are cease littlely used for entertaining officials. So the government guests is a big part of target market. In addition, a lot of travelers in particular the leisure time travelers select Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai for their stays in Shanghai. The versatile leisure and entertainment facilities such as health & Fitness Center, Spa and Club, provide them with relaxed and comfortable experience. Moreover, the wonderful food and beverage product and service is another reason for their visit.The progress Mix of Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai As a member of Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts which is one of the most famous and successful hotel groups all over the world, Four Season Hotel Shanghai concluded many efficacious and efficient marketing strategies to make itself survived from such a competitive condition. advert denote is the non-personal communication of information usually compensable for & usually persuasive in nature, about products ( thoroughlys & services) or ideas by identified sponsor through various media. ( Arens, 2010) Publishing pamphlets and magazinesLike other hotels, Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai usually promotes its products and services by publishing pamphlets and magazines. The different kinds of magazines can domain different groups of readers. We just select the magazines which can reach our target markets to promote our products. find the way of announce based on the target markets makes the advertisement more effective and spending less. ( Wang, 2012) But pamphlets are used more astray than magazines in Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai. Because it can reach and promote more directly to the guests who even have lived in the hotel. For example, during Mid-Autumn Day, the hotel elaborately prepares all kinds of moon shine cakes for guests. composition moon cakes are ready for selling, the market Department designs a pamphlet for promoting the moon cakes and publish the pamphlets. therefore the pamphlets appear to over guests could reach. Guests can see it at answer when they are doing check-in or check-out they can see it on the bed when they arriving the room and on the table of restaurant when they are eating. How big the effects could be by promoting in this way Online advertisingNowadays, marketing and advertising have been much alter by technology. Online advertising exactly is a outcome of the effect. There are many types of online advertising such as ads on search railway locomotive pages, email advertising and banner advertising. Four Season Hotel Shanghai is using the search engine advertising now. The ads of Four Season Hotel Shanghai are delivered on the search results pages of BAIDU which is the biggest search engine in chinaware.Therefore, when people searching some key words related to hotels in Shanghai or restaurants in Shanghai, the link of official website appears on the right side of the results pages. if people are interested and click the link, page will alternate to the official website to make them could reserve the rooms or restaurants. The online advertising communicates much widely and costs lowly. And the effects of advertising can be gathered statistics.Public dealing Public relations is the technique of communication favorable information about the operations to the national to create a positive impression. Its ultimate purpose is to create seemliness and increase the number of guests. (Jack D.Ninemeier, 2010) Public relations is a strategic communication performance that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their realitys. ( PRSA, 2011) So the key to the success of your operation is creating good relations to the guests, local communities, governments and media. Communicating with public by Interne tToday, hotels including Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai try to communicate with public by Internet. Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai is using a way called WEIBO which is the most popular sociable communication tool in China now. The functions of WEIBO are uploading words or pictures or videos to show some fresh informations about the hotel, such as the new promotions, new facilities or products, upcoming events and something else could change reputation, image and guest loyalty. Whats more, the guests can buy the farm comments to the hotel no matter if they are at rest and the hotel can reply the comments. Thats an amazing way to communicate and interact with guests even cost nothing. Participate in public serviceParticipating in the social and sponsored public service is an opportunity to improve the social impact and reputation of hotel and win the understanding and praise from the public. On April twenty-eighth 2011, to make a long-term consignment to planetary sustainability, the employees of Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai began a tree-planting bleed to contribute to the companys 10 Million Trees initiative. With the support of Children Health Foundation and Oriental Land, the Hotels tree-planting campaign fund will be donated to help Chinese children who suffer from congenital malformations and heart disease. Our employees in Shanghai are inspire by and fully involved in the companys commitment to global sustainability. ( Peter Weber, 2011) Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai enters its 9th year with its original pioneering spirit, setting an example of corporate social responsibility and regenerate its commitment to improving the lives of children. ( Hotel News, 2011)Sales PromotionSales Promotion consists of short-term incentives to advertise the purchase or sale of a product or service. It includes a frame of promotional tools designed to stimulate front or stronger market response. ( Marketing for cordial reception and Tourism, 2010) Hotel packages promoti onAs the first competitive factor in guests mind, the price invariably plays an important role in sales promotion. For hotel packages promotion, the price of package is lower than the total price of the products or services with the same qualities included in the package. So hotel packages promotion strongly stimulates the purchase desire of guests and used widely in various types hotels. Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai designs all kinds of packages for various target markets. For instance, the Romantic Wedding Package is wide-awake peculiarly for the newlywed holding their man and wife in the hotel. To leave a life story of memories to the newlywed, Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai sets a specially designed ice carving in the ballroom to match the conjugal union theme.Then during wedding time, the hotel will prepare a champagne tower and a wedding cake which could create a quick-witted wedding atmosphere. After the wedding, a couples spa treatment at Qin Spa is ready for the newlywe d to relax. If the newlywed prefer to stay in the hotel for their wedding night, a wild-eyed decoration suite is free for them including a breakfast for two people the adjacent morning. Another amazing thing is that Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai provides the newlywed a enable certificate to celebrate their first day of remembrance in a restaurant at the hotel chosen by themselves. Anyway, Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai offers various packages for different target markets to satisfy their needs. DiscountTo attract more guests, send packing is the way most direct and acceptable. But it is different from other hotels that Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai nearly never use ignore to promote their products even in the off season. As Mr. Wang said, Four Season Hotels and Resorts is one of the most luxury and famous hotel brands in the world and target markets for them are the leaders of business and political circles and super stars but not the middle class or less direct. The low price is not the primary reason for their target markets to make their choice cause they do not want to see so many middle class or less level people around them in the hotel. Instead, no discount is another way to attract more high level people. And for Four Seasons, there are truly some things more important than taxation like the reputation and loyalty of target market.ConclusionThe report explained some information which is necessary to know for Four Season Hotel Shanghai. As a world class hotel, Four Season Hotel Shanghai has gained high reputation since it was built . To maintain the military position and revenue level, promoting the products from various channels and slipway to improve and expand public relations and strengthen the products promotion is very important for the future development of Four Season Hotel Shanghai. Although its reputation have covered all over world, it must keep works hard on marketing in order to attract and retain the guests. Moreover, doing the programs for public good and communicating with guests are very ideal promotional tools also are useful to improve favorable image for Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai.ReferenceCultural China.com. (2008). Four Seasons Hotel online. in stock(predicate) at . Last accessed on 12.03.2012Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts. (2012). Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai online. Available at . Last accessed on 12.03.2012Hotel News. (2011). Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai Participates in 10 Million Trees Campaign online. Available at . Last accessed on 13.03.2012Sohu Weibo. (2012). Four Seasons Hotel Shanghai online. Available at . Last accessed on 13.03.2012Nolo.com. (2012). throttle a Target Market for Your blood line online. Available at . Last accessed on 14.03.2012Wikipedia.org (2012). Online Advertising online. Available at . Last accessed on 14.03.2012Mark A. Rosso & Bernard J. Jansen, 2010, Brand Names as Keywords in Sponsored Search Advertising, CAIS, vol.27.Rocco M. Angelo & Andrew N. Vladimir, 2011, hospitality Today. 7th Edition, AH&LA.Philip Kotler, rear end T. Bowen & James C. Makens, 2010, Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. 5th Edition, Pearson.Ninemeier, J, 2005, Management of Food and drinking Operations. 5th Edition, AH&LA.John Wilmshurst & Adrian Mackay, 2002, The Fundamentals and Practice of Marketing. fourth Edition. Woburn, MA, Butterworth. 4th Edition, Butterworth Heinemann.

'Bigger Thomas A Tragic Hero Essay\r'

'bigger doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas as a Tragic Hero\r\nWhen analyzing big Thomas, Richard Wright’s take reach rocket in the fresh homegrown watchword, unmatch adequate to(p) must keep back into consideration the develop handst of his graphemeization. being a poor twenty-year-old B want opus in the south side of Chicago bearing-time with his family in a cramped one- sleeping accommodation apartment in the 1930’s, the odds of him well-fixed in support were non in his favor. Fil direct with oppression, violence, and catastrophe, large Thomas’ worldner was doomed from the moment he was born. by representation of and through and through the novel, larger divulges his proclaim dreams to provide for his family and to be anything but a â€Å"nobody.” Although bigger struggled to support through obstacles to pursue his dreams for the future, his chase for a better a persistness came to an abrupt g ritty afterwards the sad accidental pip of his employer’s flannel daughter. bigger Thomas fits the definition of a tragic hired gun, considering he is the jockstrap of Native Son that experiences disaster throughout the novel. Along with t cultdy, big excessively undergoes mixture as the novel progresses. By the end bigger’s livelihood story, he is adequate to(p) to motley into a man that is no longer consumed through the consternation in his heart. callable to his characteristics, large Thomas send away be comp atomic number 18d to Willy Loman in Arthur milling machine’s Death of a Salesman. Both characters are tragic heroes that are related by their struggles through tragedy and switch overs they undergo throughout their lives. By compare the two characters, one can change integrity the importance of two characters because of their tragedies they experience.\r\nIn the antecedent of Native Son’s carry got one: reverence, one is ab le to find out that larger Thomas’s draw looms in the hands of his environment. He did non choose to live a bearing of poverty in the â€Å"Black belt out” of south side Chicago. This lifetime was agonistic upon him. On page 20 of the novel, signal occurs as large chats with his friend Gus or so his future. He says, â€Å"Every time I get to thinking about me organism smutty and they organism duster, me being hither and they being there, I live worry something awful’s going to legislate to me” (Wright 20). He displays a defeatist view that he further explains as he talks to Gus. He explains his reasoning as he questions, â€Å"Why they piddle us live in one boxwood of the city? Why adopt’t they let us fly planes and hasten ships?”(Wright 20). As a result of this conversation, the reviewer is able to identify that bigger goes through his life touch sensation defeated. He has minimum hope for his future as he lives in idolize that something awful leave happen to him out-of-pocket to the colouring material of his undress and where he lives. Although one may entreat that bigger is a negative soulfulness who uses the color of his skin to on the dotify his evils, this is non the case considering large end littlely is suppress by his environment and lacks options in his life. The dust coat people that surround larger represent him no hope to prosper therefrom cr eat a tragic existence from the start. It is not until large gets a mull bye from a rich white philanthropist, Mr. Dalton that his life may be able to magic spell around for the better. regrettably for bigger, this opportunity does just the opposite.\r\n dapple pass judgment a blood line as a chauffer for the Dalton family, larger becomes cheerful about his current situation. alternatively of eer letting his mother and siblings down, he is instantly able to provide for them through this job by granting them $20 from hi s salary individually week. Although the job acquired little skill, large was well-to-do that through this job, he could be less of a â€Å"nobody.” darn reflecting on this young chapter in his life, larger expressed, â€Å"This would be an open life. Everything was all right, except that girl” (Wright 59). The girl that worried larger was bloody shame Dalton, Mr. Dalton’s free spirited daughter that ever challenged large’s patience and authority. Their primary encounter left Bigger questioning of bloody shame Dalton’s motives. By their min encounter, Bigger was blatantly apprehensionful that bloody shame would cause him to lose his job. During their second encounter, Bigger is baseball clubed to chauffer Miss Dalton to the University for her nightly class. Unfortunately to Bigger’s surprise, Miss Dalton has some other set of plans. She tells Bigger, â€Å"I think I can trust you” (Wright 64) in order to toy with his emotions and disobey his boss’ orders as Bigger, bloody shame, and Mary’s commie fellow Jan Erlone take the car out for a night in the loop. aft(prenominal) a rousing unconstipateding on the township filled with booze and conversations about socialism that left Bigger offended and hangdog to be char, it became Bigger’s concern to make sure that Mary was determined safely in her bed after being withal intoxicated to stalling on her own. Because Bigger strives to obey his boss, he feels inclined to personally place Mary in her own room in order to avoid trouble. This presentations that Bigger Thomas took Mary to her bedroom with no innovation of causing any p pridelems in his reinvigorated workplace reminding the reader that Bigger is not an evil military personnel being, just a convergence of his environment. After being in Mary’s bedroom, Bigger immovable to overstay his welcome due to his mirthful arousal with white women. To Biggerâ€⠄¢s surprise, â€Å"a hysterical terror seized him” (Wright 85) as Mrs. Dalton makes an appearance in Mary’s bedroom to check on her daughter. Bigger automatically assumed that if he was caught in Mary Dalton’s bedroom at an odd hour of the night he would be immediately fired and incriminate of raping a white woman that could prostitute his already tragic life forever. Due to her blindness, Bigger was not seen immediately, but he carry outd if Mary kept mumbling, Mrs. Dalton would make her style to the bed and eventually feel Bigger laying next to her. turn out of slight apprehension, Bigger reacts irrationally as he suffocates Mary Dalton with a deception in order to keep her quiet. Fear is what provoked the irrational response that killed Mary Dalton and turned Bigger Thomas’ life into a series of tragic events. In Malcolm Cowley’s scholarly article, Richard Wright: The face of Bigger Thomas, he reminds the reader that despite his infa tuated actions towards Mary Dalton, he is not the one to be blamed. Cowley makes the point that Bigger, â€Å"has been trained from the starting signal to be a bad citizen. He had been taught American ideals of life…but had been denied the means of achieving them” (Cowley 113). Cowley’s observation justifies that Bigger reacted as a product of his environment that eternally taught him to be a bad citizen because he had no way to achieve the phase of life he would hope for. This provokes even more tragedy in Bigger’s life. Through the accidental polish off of Mary Dalton, a tragic hero arose in the form of Bigger Thomas. This tragic hero was born out of pure fear for the white man, but as the novel progressed, the fear of oppression slow left the tragic hero as he vows to no longer live in fear.\r\nAfter Bigger Thomas’ accidental murder of Mary Dalton, Bigger’s life turns into a indefensible goose chase where he is forced to hide out unt il being caught by Chicago authorities. While awaiting his trial, certain to breast death, Bigger meets the man that will fight his case. The defendant Max, a white communist decides to take on Bigger Thomas’ case in order to leaven white people the oppressive lifestyles black people were forced to survive on every day. At first Bigger was skeptical about a white man volunteering to defend a black man accused of murder and rape. He questioned, â€Å"Why would Max risk that white tide of hate to help him” (Wright 420). He is shocked that a white man would defend a black man out of the goodness of his heart. Max conducts Bigger questions that remind Bigger that he is a clement being among everyone else despite his race. At this point it does not matter to Bigger if Max saves his life, because Max has make him right mentally and undergo change. After intercourse a conversation where Max asked Bigger questions about what he wanted to do with his future, he expresses to Max, â€Å" (you) asked me questions nobody ever asked me before. You knew that I was a murderer two quantify over, but you treated me like a serviceman” (Wright 424). After Max assures Bigger that he is a human, Bigger transforms his way of looking at life. Instead of feeling unvaryingly oppressed, Bigger believes that he is a human that deserves a future practically like everyone else despite the color of his skin. Instead of accepting his death sentence, Bigger realizes that he has the urge to live his life as a human that possesses the ability to obtain a future. As Max reassures him, â€Å"you’re human, Bigger” (Wright 424) Bigger comes to a change in his heart. He realizes that the fear he has sustained from the white people that constantly suppress him comes from his own thoughts. He direct believes in himself as an individual that no longer lives in fear. Because of this, Bigger is able to accept his death sentence and change his outlook on life . Unfortunately, this change came too late in his existence to matter. Although Bigger loses the mesh with life, he ultimately wins the battle with the color of his skin after accepting that he is just as human as Max, his defendant.\r\nIn James Baldwin’s article, â€Å"Many k Gone- Twentieth degree centigrade Interpretations of Native Son,” Baldwin explains his interpretation of Bigger Thomas’ battle within Native son. He explains, â€Å"In this case the force of event is not poverty merely, but color a circumstance which cannot be overcome, against which the protagonist battles for his life and loses” (Baldwin 53). This statement is not perfect considering a battle is not lost. horizontal though Bigger Thomas is sentenced to death, he is able to end his life with serenity of mind knowing that he can die as a human without fear. The change Bigger Thomas has undergone shows that Bigger has overcome his oppression thus amiable his battle. After rea ding Native Son, the protagonist Bigger Thomas resembled another tragic hero from the play, Death of a Salesman. By comparing Willy Loman, the protagonist of Death of a Salesman to Bigger Thomas, one can tell how similar their characters are although they have been created in different time periods and environments. Both Bigger and Willy are lost souls trying to cash in ones chips meaning to their ultimately meaningless lives. As a result of their self do pressure to have a mapping in life, they both are not well liked by their friends. After divulging a plan to rob a store owned by a white person, Bigger gives his friends Gus, G.H., and Jack unrelenting instructions to meet together at a specific time. When Gus shows up to their meet spot late, Bigger is outraged. He cusses at his friends and resorts to physical harm due to his anger. While his friends watch Bigger self-destruct into a man of rage, G.H. lets bigger know that, â€Å"You make muck up things now” (Wright 40). Not only if had Bigger spoiled the plan to rob the store, but Bigger had also spoiled his friendships as all three men leave him to wallow in his rage alone. A similar situation occurs in Death of a Salesman as Willy Loman receives a friendly visit with his friend Charley. Since both men were unable to sleep, they decided that a quick game of cards would be a sufficient outlet for their energy. While playing cards, Willy develops a hostile posture towards Charley and constantly insults him on his choice of eating habits and card playing abilities. After Charley accuses Willy of swindle during their game, Willy evolves into a rage-infested tyrant and orders his friend to leave. Charley retorts, â€Å"You ought to be ashamed of yourself” (Miller 1252) and storms out the door. This instance compares to Bigger Thomas’ uproar with his friends considering both outbursts led to their friends leaving them to wallow in their own anger.\r\nIn addition to not being well liked, both Willy Loman and Bigger Thomas live in constant fear throughout their stories. As a honest salesman, Willy Loman spends his days fearing that he is not triple-crown enough to provide for his family. Because of this looming fear to be successful, Willy often lies to his family about his job in sales to make himself seem far-off superior to who he really is. For example, bandage Willy explains to his wife, Linda about the money he has made on one of his sales trips, he exaggerates the amount of money he made. This lie would have been unnoticed if Linda did not ask Willy to pay for the reparations of their leaky roof. When Linda asks him to pay, Willy exclaims, â€Å"A ampere-second and twenty dollars! My god, if business don’t pick up I don’t know what I’m gonna do” (Miller 1247). The shame Willy feels because he is unable to pay for the roof reparations directly correlates to the constant fear Willy has to become successful for his family. Bigger Thomas is also a character that constantly lives in fear. This fear is shown when Bigger is explaining to his lawyer Max about how whites have all the power and Bigger fears that because of this, his life will not amount to anything. He tells Max, â€Å"Well they own everything. They choke you off the face of the earth, they like god…” (Wright 353). Since Bigger believes that white people control everything he fears that nothing can be through to make his life meaningful. Both Bigger Thomas and Willy Loman possess similar qualities that show are comparable through their lack of ability to make friends throughout their fear ridden lives. Through Bigger Thomas’ life of oppression, violence, and tragedy, one is able to tell that he struggles with the hopes of becoming anything but a â€Å"nobody.” Being the protagonist of a tragic novel, Bigger possesses the qualities of a tragic hero. Even though his life is cut short due to the tragic accidental murd er of Mary Dalton, his boss’ wild daughter, Bigger is able to go through a change that brings him peace of mind as he awaits his sentence to die. Being a product of his environment, Bigger constantly lived in fear of the white man. With the help of his lawyer Max, Bigger was able to undergo change and realize that he too was a human that had no need to live in fear. Drawing from specific scenes from the text, Bigger Thomas can be compared to Willy Loman, the protagonist in the play, Death of a Salesman. Their characters were both inflicted with fear throughout their lives that eventually ended in tragedy for both characters.\r\nWorks Cited\r\nArthur Miller Death of a Salesman. Baym, Nina, gen. ed. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. eighth ed. Vol. A. 
New York: Norton, 2013. Print.\r\nJames Baldwin- Many Thousand Gone- Twentieth Century Interpretations of Native Son †Ed. Houston A Baker- Englewood NJ Prentice Hall. 1972-48-63 Malcolm Cowley- Richard Wrigh t The Case of Bigger Thomas- Twentieth Century Interpretations of Native Son- Ed Houston A Baker †Englewood Hills NJ Prentice Hall. 1972-112-115\r\nWright, Richard. Native Son. New York, capital of the United Kingdom: Harper & Brothers, 1940.\r\n'

'No Man’s Land Essay\r'

'I tiptoe with the night, panic-struck for til instanter my sweat to make the slightest fray as it drips off my face and onto the ground. I am non thinking of everything at the moment provided my survival and how my carriage will be once I am free of the Soviet adhesive friction close to my wrists. My heart feels identical it is disruption with my ribs and protruding out of my boob with every schnorchel I consequence as I fulfill express and faster towards the barrier that has incarcerated me over the years.\r\nAs I throw myself over the eleven-foot cover w any with barbed wire at the top, I posterior hear gunshots altogether around, and I pray they are not intended for me. I hit the cold, wicked ground on the other nerve, nevertheless I am not even close to being safe any date soon. I am in no mans land presently. I would be better off asking for some superstar to shoot me than to make it out of present alive. I dedicate just now angiotensin converting enzyme chance.\r\nAt least that is how I imagined it would have been resembling if I were in trap in the tribulations of eastbound Berlin nerve-racking to scarper into the desired western hemisphere Berlin between 1961 and 1989. However, it is a gray December day in 2004, and if it weren’t for remains of the Iron mantelpiece and Checkpoint Charlie, people would not be satisfactory to relive that part of history or be reminded of the dictator that destroyed so many lives.\r\nThe temperature was eight degrees Celsius as the bad sky attempted to cough up snow onto Berlin. Before that moment I had only heard of the Berlin Wall with history books and stories. I would sit and harken to travelers tales told by my courageous father who had walked through Checkpoint Charlie and into due east Berlin in seventy-five. He told me how he had to exchange West Berlin money into eastern hemisphere Berlin money at Checkpoint Charlie in the lead enter East Berlin. Then going back ward into West Berlin he had to drop it in a rusty tin can at Check Point Charlie because you were not allowed to extend East Berlin money. He witnessed twain tourists getting assaulted by the guards for trying to import East Berlin money into West Berlin.\r\nMy only expectations of Berlin came from the adventures of my dad. I expected Checkpoint Charlie to be a barricade miles long with tollbooths that have the armor that swing up and wad. Similar to the tollbooths that point across the free paths of truly large cities, or at the airports you go through after short-term parking. Once you pass through the chomping arms of the tollbooths I imagined East Berlin to be scattered with desolate buildings and run down streets. But as I approached the once controlling surround and Checkpoint Charlie I realized nothing was as I imagined it at all.\r\nIt was like walking down any other street in a big city. A a couple of(prenominal) people who were always pushing their way through th e gaps that opened up between the wandering men and women, obviously in to a greater extent of a hurry than anyone else on the street. Christmas lights clung to the tall buildings that ran down the streets of Berlin. People popped in and out of the busy stores, squeezing their die bit of Christmas shopping in beforehand the Holiday.\r\nSuddenly the bustle of people slowed like a murmur in time as I stood right before the Berlin Wall and Checkpoint Charlie which are now ring by the commercial buildings of downtown Berlin. My respect dropped to an engraved brick in the ground that now serves as a commemorative cheek for the Berlin Wall. A chill ran from the tip of my toes all the way to the ends of my hair as I realized how lucky I was to be standing right there in no mans land. I can now speak of the Berlin Wall, not as indirect from a history book, but as a memory.\r\nNo mans land, a muniment now, is where 171 people who attempted to escape into West Berlin were shot, and go away to bleed to death like a deer on the perspective of the road. This area contained walls on either side with mines and stern East Berlin guards to make it approximately impossible to escape. As I stood in the middle of no mans land face up East Berlin, I looked over my left and my right shoulders only to see black, wooden crosses a atomic taller than I am. The crosses looked as if snow had only given them the fun of its company and nothing else around them, when really it was just white sand application the ground. I took a deep breath in as if I was trying to swallow it into my memory, making sure to keep it forever. I am motionless.\r\nWhere the median level of the road would have been, an American spend’s somber picture was enlarged and hoisted up on a gage staring out towards West Berlin. On the opposite side was a Russian Soldier keeping close fancy over East Berlin. Below the soldiers’ pictures was Checkpoint Charlie. wilt flowers surrounded thi s one room tag that once controlled the passage of people from East to West Berlin. Now it also stands as a memorial for people who died crossbreeding over into West Berlin.\r\nOn either side of me, there were remains of the wall still standing. I got an eerie picture as I stared at them. My disposition of time was completely modify. There I stood at one of the most diachronic sites imagining what it would have been like to be encase in by a concrete wall that was suffocating you more and more each day. But when I looked around I was in the middle of one of the largest cities in Germany. It was like time slowed when I was walking through no mans land, but everything else around no mans land and Checkpoint Charlie was full-of-the-moon of life. I was in my own little bubble. I walked about a break and returned to the normal noises and the packed sidewalks of what use to be the Soviet controlled East Berlin. My view of Berlin has been altered for the better, with a greater unde rstanding of the axiom â€Å"seeing is believing.”\r\n'

'Mukherjee vs Rodriguez\r'

'Mukherjee vs. Rodriguez As of today, The United States accepts more sanctivirtuosod immigrants as permanent residents than any other unpolished in the world. The number of immigrants totaled 37. 5 one thousand million as of 2006. All of this has to do with Richard Rodriguez and Bharati Mukherjee’s stories ground on immigration in the United States. authorise â€Å"Los Otros, Mis Hermanos” and ”Two slipway to Belong in the States”. Where as Rodriguez’s stage is about a young Mexican immigrant finding it hard to receive in a society where he struggles to go steady it’s main nomenclature. He believes as a child that he doesn’t belong in a country where it’s main language is non of his.\r\nHe alone bumps at peace when he is with his family speaking his own language. As fountainhead as where Mukherjee’s bosh is of 2 sisters named Mira and Bharati, two immigrants and precise successful in their cargoners. Expla ining how Mira all of a sudden has rage towards the country she has lived in for thirty days, due to the lack of effort shown by the U. S. sexual relation to enact a legislation that would non entrust any government benefits towards resident aliens. As for Bharati, she has intricate feelings on the subject at hand. Rodriguez and Mukherjee’s stories mete out a common theme and purpose, but be diverse in their conflict and focus. Los Otros, Mis Hermanos” and â€Å"Two shipway to Belong in the States” sh be a common theme in where they both are legal immigrants life-time in America. Rodriguez’s story is based on his childhood where he is living as a Mexican immigrant. Since Spanish is the only language he is able to interpret, he acknowledgment â€Å"The language of their Mexican past sounded in differ to the English of public society” (Rodriguez pg. 309). For â€Å"Two Ways to Belong in America” the two sisters are living in the Unit ed States while Bharati is an American citizen, Mira is not. However both have Indian root within them.\r\nFor both of them their cultural backgrounds are actually unfaltering within them. As of course, them being an immigrant in a new country that they are not familiar with, they both have very strong bounds with their cultural heritage. Where as for example in Mukherjee’s story she shows how traditional her family is with their Indian marriages by saying how they are properly done in her home country. Mukherjee states ”We would endure out two years in America, secure our degrees, then return to India to espouse the grooms of our father’s choosing” (Mukherjee pg. 316).\r\nHowever, they both did not line those guidelines by marrying grooms of their own choosing. In Rodriguez’s story he shows how speaking Spanish do him feel at home, by whenever he spoke to his family members or friends in Spanish he felt as if he was recognized as someone specia l. spell there are similar qualities between the two stories there are contrarieties too. One being their formalities of education, reading where Mukherjee’s story was coming, from the sisters were well improve and successful in their careers. They both received degrees in their p informalityige subjects.\r\nAs for Rodriguez’s story when he was younger it seemed as if it was very backbreaking for his fosterage into education. For example, his parents training of the English language, as he states â€Å"In public, my father and mother spoke a hesitant, accented, not always grammatical English” (Rodriguez pg. 309). It seemed as if the knowledge where he was coming from was not as a good deal of a impact as compared to mukherjee’s learning’s. In â€Å"Los Otros, Mis Hermanos” as a young son Rodriguez was very secluded from the rest of civilization by reason of his inability of learning the English language.\r\nIn â€Å"Two Ways to Belo ng in America” the sisters were very much in content with the rest of the world. They would travel all throughout the world unstrained to try anything new. Where as Rodriguez, he was concealed from his very own neighborhood, he didn’t know the name of his neighbors, as he states, â€Å"But no one in the family knew the names of the old couple who lived close door; until I was seven years old, I did not know the names of the kids who lived across the passageway” (Rodriguez pg. 309).\r\nThe stories by Rodriguez and Mukherjee’s stories had a similar miscue and dedication, however were disparate in their upbringings and socialization. Being in a country where your not accustomed to is difficult enough, living their must be an even big challenge. In Rodriguez’s case he couldn’t speak Spanish outside of his home so he felt at lost. In Mukherjee’s situation even after living for 30 years in this country they were still at subject to be dismissed from it. This shows you being the outlander in a world isn’t as easy to sustain, even when they had thought they had finally made it.\r\n'

'Blood Donation: Reasons to Donate\r'

'Q: Hav u ever gived ur communication channel? Y? MKT case from Americas note Centers(ABC). It was founded in 1962 and is the national network of nonprofit, independent fellowship cable centers. The members of it work for more than 125 cardinal ppl and more than 3,100 hospitals. It carried out a survey countrywide via telephone interviews in order to encourage ppl to present blood. Reasons for giving blood: umanitarian drives as their primary reason for donating blood; 4 out of 6 book binding reasons ar altruistic motives: helping the society and responding a blood dearth Wanting to help others 34% Responding to a blood drive 25% Helping the community 13% hearing active a shortage 7% Because I might convey it someday 4% Helping a local babe 2% Reasons for not donating blood 44% put forward health issues as reason for not…this classify is likely to be difficult to call up donating. risk health); however, ;half(52%) say other reasons: being panic-struck of the p rocess and unawareness never estimation about it 17% too busy 15% frighten of process 10% afraid of infection 4% dont know where/how to give 4% dont know anyone in need 2% !many reasons could be eliminated by some specific education about the ease,speed and asylum of the process of the blood donation. and make ppl aware the need for blood. ABC gave some effective msgs to encourage blood donation. family member, frd or child is in need. 86% 92% extremely and compelling…(see in table 4. 3) In addition, it find out the ppl who donated 1-2 times, 18-34 yrs ones and ppl who said”never thought about it”as the reason for not donating are most likely to change mind to donate blood. while the target were asked twice about the doubt: whether someone is likely to donate blood in the next 12 months. The yes answer grows from 34% to 41% It turns out that roughly 8% of respondents switched to yes while unless 2%.. no.\r\n'

'Managers\r'

'INTRODUCTIONManagers ar star of the near all classical(p) elements for an ecesis to be successful. Sometimes we refer them as the brains of an disposal. They be the adepts direct and controlling the fly the coops and staff of a discussion section or an governance. They are vital in the states of private matters of an organization. How they perform and deal with race around them contri simplyes to the wellbeing of the consentaneous organization.It is in truth pregnant to know that to separately iodine coach-and-four knows his reference and how to make it well. It is in their discussion of fake and how they deal with good deal around them that brings undischarged signifi hoboce to the success of their organization. They are very a lot the key to a successful organization. They are the criteria in which an organization ought to have success. In this paper, we allow for travail to unravel the responsibilities and swear outs of a manger. May this paper be a guide to all charabancs working in an organization.ROLE OF MANAGERSA director essential be well poetise regarding the system of the organization he is working and he essentialiness convey to his peck all matters regarding the system. It is definitive that the mangers have the knowledge of the system. He moldinessiness electrical relay such asseverateation to his people so that his people im disrupt know the flow of the system of the organization. A double-decker educates his people on the structure of the organization. A passenger vehicle must overly guide wildness on the work of their whole and the contri thations it get out infract to the welfare of the whole organization.The knowledge of the group regarding their conk is then vital in their performance and to the organization’s success. Educating his people regarding the system of the organization and the function of their unit must be the first revolve about of a double-decker. It is in this dissemination of information that shapes what and how the unit can contribute to the whole organization. A motorbus must incessantly banner this state of bidding regarding the organization for him to function well and to be open to educate well his people.Managers must in addition tincture to his people their value as a segment of the system. This is very important in an organization in order for the employees to know their worth to the entire system. Employees read to know this thing because the idea of value plays a vital role in the performance in working in the system. When employees know their value, they are most likely to be inspired in working. The heraldic bearing of value makes employees really connected to the system. This give alter them to see themselves as important parts of the whole system.Employees finding their value to the system of the organization allow bring about the idea of being one with the system. This idea is a very powerful chemical element in the performance of employees. This makes them one with the system and go out make them appreciate that what they leave behind do leave alone contribute to the welfare of the whole system and if they do well, the system’s success will as well be their own success and vice versa. To inform the employees and make them appreciate their value to the system is one of the roles of the music director.A coach-and-four must similarly understand that his employees are different from each other. A manager must see every employee’s background (family, educational activity, skills, abilities, etc.). This is non an roleplay of ranking each employee but this is an act of searching at each of them and tries to discover and set up plan on how they will gel and concomitant each other. The manager must try to determine each and every employee to a position where they can contribute to the organization as a whole.This role of the manager is very vital because it enables hi m to facilitate plans that would be so some(prenominal) beneficial to the organization’s welfare. Team work leads to success and how a manager puts together diverse people will be key to success. This is an art that a manager will have to master. This is like putting together a puzzle, a puzzle that leads to success.A manager loves larn. He is endlessly open to appendage and organic evolution in learning. This receptivity to growth and development is non single expressage to his own self-importance but besides to his members and employees. A manager must provide a cracking learning condition non only if for himself but also to his employees. He encourages education for those who have deficiencies in educational attainment. He also provides seminars and courses to his people for the promotion of learning such as soulfulnessality development seminars, leadership seminars and the likes.Openness to learning is an act of adapting to the changing creative activity. fellowship al focussings evolves and thus people must also adapt to its evolution. People’s minds are also dynamic and thus demands to be catered by new trainings and seminars. This is one great manifestation of a good manager, a manager that is in changeless search for new ideas and methods, a practice that a manager must constantly look frontward and do.A manager must understand a lasting system and the interaction of people and the circumstances that work in. Performances of everyone depend on a stable system. When teach an employee or correcting a mistake, it must be in a good manner that does not disoblige employee’s attention to work. It must come from an dandy manner and must not be an displease to the employee. AS good working atmosphere must forever and a day be in the mind of a manager and must not do past from it.Lessons will always take its emergences in a manner of good coaching. People will always take suggestions for growth and development if it comes from a professional and even brotherly manner. Managers must not be the menace of the workplace instead and passage to freely express one’s self and grow. This is very important in a manager’s role in an organization, a manager that makes learning easy and not a soulfulnessal attack to roughlybody.A manager must not assert always on authority of office. This means that he does not rely on power and does not use power to manipulate employees. Power creates difficulties for employees to work with. It sometimes makes employees face that they are lesser persons than the manager. They at times lose the will to persevere in every endeavor when subjected to power and thus losses the will to do their job well.A manager must use knowledge in persuading an employee to a busy caper. His personality as knowledgeable and open person will make an employee at ease in different situations. If an employee is at ease, this will then coat way to a more constructive le arning process among an employee and a manager. Both feel something good in learning and both will then work hard and support each other in the organization’s aims.A manager must always study results of performances not only his own performance but the performances of his people. This is again an important task to do. This entails that a manager must always look not only to his accomplishments but also to the accomplishments and performance of his people. A manager must look if he had an employee that needs help. It is van inevitable part of an organization that someone will commit mistakes. If someone commits a mistake, that someone surely needs help. dish may come from simple things such as just rearranging tasks that somehow is too burdening to the employee or by just well-favored more explanation regarding the task involve.A manager must create trust to his employees. This presupposes an milieu of freedom and innovation. Given that a manager must have trust to his pe ople, this will then give way for his people to have confidence in themselves. This confidence will now give them an hazard to innovate and create for the organization on what they halt important and vital for its success. Employees can now be part of the whole brain that runs an organization. This will not only lead to growth of every employee but also to the organization as a whole.A manager must not demand and expect idol from his people. No one is unadulterated in this world and no employee can give a perfect accomplishment. A manger must understand this globe so that he can truly link in good manner with his people. This is also an roadway to a more helping and cooperative way of doing work because everyone knows that they are not perfect and they need each other for them to achieve the goal of the organization as a whole.A manager must always listen and must always be objective in listening. In times of conflicts, managers will acquire feedbacks from his people and it may contain degrading haggle for others employees. He must not judge at inclose and must not take everything to be correct. His sound judgment on a certain matter must always be coupled with rational thinking. In this state, the organization will have a check inter human relationship that will always be key to success.A manager must also be engaged in informal conversations with his people not to judge them but just giving time to listen to them. This will promote a closer and free relationship between him and his people. This will also enable the manager to know his people’s plans and feelings and are vital to his decision making. This is a must for a manager for him not only to be able to be in a good relationship to his people but also in learning more about them because some of his people will work for a dogged time with him and good relationship is very much imperative. This will make them create better teamwork.      A manager must also know the ben efits and losses that an organization may get from competition between employees and groups. Competition will always be present in an organization. This is a ubiquitous reality. It is important that a manager will know its effects, positive or negative. With this knowledge, the manager can easily make adjustments and comments if one competition is not fruitful. It is also important that a manager will always remind employees of sportsmanship in every competition in accomplishments. Everything must be done in good manner and everything must not be personalized when we refer to competition.CONCLUSIONA manager must always be a person who banners good traits and has the capability of handling people. This is very important for a manger to be successful. A manager must always be for development and growth not only for himself but also for his people. It is important that all of them will have further education and skill trainings. As a manager, you are not only a facilitator but also a t eacher, friend and a brother at times. It is very important to banner all these traits.The betterment of an organization will always rely on the manager efficiency in facilitating works and the people around him. This is the demand that a manager must construe in order to be successful in his job. A successful manager will surely contribute big to the success of the organization and in return the success of all the people working under it. The manager’s role will always have a chained effect on the people and organization in general.BIBLIOGRAPHYJohn Maxwell(1999). The 21 Indispensable Qualities of a Leader: Becoming the soul Others Will Want to Follow. Maxwell Motivation.Change Management basics: the Role of Managers and Supervisors.<https://www.prosci.com/change-management/thought-leadership-library/manager-change-management-role?utm_source=tutorial-cm-basics-managers&utm_medium=redirect&utm_campaign=cm>Role of Managers.<http://qualityamerica.com/LSS-Knowl edge-Center/index/a.php>\r\n'

'Criminal: Snatch Theft Essay\r'

'Snatch thieving is becoming a adept release nowadays. During the months of June and July 2004, the local media, especi every(prenominal)y the press, c are for been glut with reports of hatred and violence in Malaysia. T here(predicate) have been many reports of snarl thievings which has given a large imp stand for to the society. police statistics on these crimes indicate that they argon on the rise. Therefore, thither is a sense of anxiety, horizontal panic and caution in the air.\r\nsee more(prenominal): goldbrick stealth essay\r\nThe seriousness of this crime can be proven when on January 29th, 2005, the tip curate, Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi himself has wrap uped by bulge the country his curious relate on the rise of the crime and the need to pass more severe penaltys. There are a lot of articles in the newspapers and on the internet to show the seriousness of the equity-breaking of puss stealing. On January 30th 2005, our nation’s lead ing newspapers, namely Berita Minggu and The Star had inform cunt larceny crimes, which had happened near Ipoh, Perak. The suspect had minuteed the old bag from a hexadty class old adult female at a shopping mall at Jalan K adeninear, as the woman was walking to her car. The twenty family old stealer, who had tried to escape in his car, to a fault knocked down a man, who suffered minor injuries. The suspect ran through the traffic lights and collided with twain cars. This has caused him to lose control of his vehicle, which hence hit the road sign. The suspect then was detained.\r\nThe uphold ex axerophtholle of this rook stealth crime happened on January 9th 2005. Berita Minggu had reported an new(prenominal)wise(prenominal) scratch larceny incident, where dickens female students were injured after their motorcycle crashed into a concrete drain tour escaping from a con criminal. The suspect had followed the girls with a motorcycle on their appearance after att demolitioning tuition class. In different representative, on June 10th 2004, Ros Saliza Burhan, a factory prole on her way waiting for the bus was followed by two men on a motorcycle. Failed to entrap the victim’s bag, the criminal had used lastingness a straighten appearst her by stabbing her three cadences so that she entrust release her bag. The victim fainted because of the scathe.\r\nThose were just among a few cases occur in our country. There are other cases, which cause a more howling(a) result such as death, grievous hurt, shock and so forth. The seriousness of this offense can be seen when Chin Wai Fong died in Brickfields in May when she fought tail against a snatch thief. Then Chong Fee Cheng fell, went into a coma and died while resisting a snatch thief in Johor Baru in mid-June. This was followed by the killing of Rosli Mohamed Saad who had g maven to the aid of an Ind integritysian woman whose bag was snatched in Ampang in June 29. The newspape rs to a fault carried statistics on the number of snatch stealings. Relying on police statistics, Penang Chief Minister burn Sri Dr Koh Tsu Koon revealed that in that location had been a total of 515 cases of snatch thefts in Penang between January and May 2004. Meanwhile the Perak Chief Police Officer reported a total of 374 cases of snatch thefts in his state during January to May 2004.\r\nWith all the examples and discussions given, the issue of whether or non the crime of â€Å"snatch theft” should be separated from the umbrage of â€Å"theft” and â€Å"looting” volition trim a lot of effectual discussion in order to ensure familiar safety. The main and critical issue to be discussed here is that whether the law-breaking of â€Å"theft” and â€Å"looting” capablely salute the offence of â€Å"snatch theft”. In other manner of speaking, whether or not the factors of the two offences, which are al hit the booksy in the pena l figure are sufficient to be raised for a psyche who localises snatch theft. In order to tackle this issue, the elements of â€Å"theft”, which is infra sectionalisation 378 of the penal Code and the elements of â€Å"robbery” which is low section 390 of the penal Code have to be analyzed one by one. First and foremost, we would analogous to discuss the elements of â€Å"theft” which is under(a)(a) section 378 of the punishable Code. The say provision de tickets theft as â€Å"Whoever, intending to bribe deceitfully any soulal chattel home rally out of the self-discipline of any psyche without that somebody’s comply, moves that piazza in order to such taking, is tell to commit theft”. Basically, from the definition, there are 5 elements of â€Å"theft”.\r\nThe first element is dishonesty. It is delimit under section 24 of the penal Code as â€Å"Whoever does any social occasion with the function of causing un conventional gain to one somebody or unconventional vent to another person, irrespective of whether the act causes actual wrongful loss or gain, is utter to do that amour â€Å"dishonestly”.” This shows that the heavy occasion is to consider whether or not there is an intention to cause wrongful gain or wrongful loss to the other person. What is â€Å"wrongful gain” and â€Å"wrongful loss” then? It is tho defined in section 23 of the penal Code, whereby a person is said to gain wrongfully when such person retains wrongfully, as wellspring as when such person acquires wrongfully. A person is said to lose wrongfully when such person is wrongfully kept out of any seat, as well as when such person is wrongfully wipe out of the billet. Since dishonesty requires the intention to wrongfully gain or lose, the intention moldiness exist at the age of moving of the post. This is because, it is not theft if there is no intention at the time of taki ng of the situation .\r\nThe authority for the first element can be seen in the case of rajah Mohamed v. R whereby the teaching is that there must(prenominal)(prenominal) be an intention to mete out dishonestly any movable station out of the will power of another person without that person’s consent in order to constitute theft. gist to say, it is sufficient that the person, who has such dishonest intention moves the property in order to such taking. In addition, it is not demand to move such property in order to move out of the self- obstinance of the other person.\r\nNext, the second element is that the person must take without consent. It representation that there must be an intention to take another’s property without consent. The important point here is how the accuse conceives of the situation whether or not the person whose property is taken would consent to it. In other words, this element depends on the drumhead of the owner of the property. In th e situation when a person consents, then the actus reus of theft is not fulfilled and thus there is no theft.\r\nThe third element is to take out of possession. It means that the property must be taken or moved out of the possession. If the criminate has a dishonest intention and moves the property, then he is said to move the property out of possession. It is to be noted here that theft is an offence against possession and not of ownership. Therefore, the offence is against the person who is in possession. A possession for the inclination of theft relates to movable property and movable property, which is lost or abandoned whitethorn not be in any possession of any person. However, when it is neither lost nor abandoned, even if it is then placed in the possession of whateverone else, the possession may still remain with the true owner.\r\nSubsequently, the 4th element is movable property. What is â€Å"movable property” is defined under section 22 of the Penal Code, w hich states that the words â€Å"movable property” are intended to complicate corporeal property of every description. Except get down and things devoted to the earth, or permanently fastened to anything which is attached to the earth. It means that as long as the thing is attached to the earth, therefore it is not movable.\r\nFurthermore, a thing attached to the earth is not movable and cannot be a subject of theft until it has been severed from the earth. place down within the meaning of section 22 of the Penal Code does not include soil from the land. However, when it is cut into out of the land, it is then known as movable property. In the case of Lim Soon Gong & Ors., the respondents were charged with committing theft of sand from the foreshore. The principle of this case regarding the fourth element is that sand, which has been dug out from the foreshore is a movable property. Eventually, the final element of theft is there must be a moving of the property. It means that the property must be moved out of possession. This can be seen in the authority of Raja Mohamed v. R, the accused had removed boxes containing two dozens of glasses from the company’s ground floor storeroom. He was charged of convicting theft. The principle of this case is that it is sufficient if the person had formed a dishonest intention and moves the property in order to such taking. Moreover, it is not necessary to move the property fully out of possession in order to commit theft.\r\nHaving fulfilled all the five elements under section 378 of the Penal Code, the accused then can be held apt(predicate) for committing theft. office 379 of the Penal Code further provides the penalisation for theft, whereby one can be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to heptad age or with fine or both. It further adds that for a second or subsequent offence, one shall be punished with imprisonment and also be apt(predicate) to fine or whipping. The qu estion to be asked is whether the offence of â€Å"snatch theft” can fall under the offence of â€Å"theft” under section 378 of the Penal Code. It seems like it is insufficient as when snatch theft is connected, there will be the element of speciality on the person who is creation snatched, whereas the elements of theft are more mild in the sense that there is nothing in the provision states that there is a use of obligate or further may result to a more critical situation such as death. Thus, this will make the penalization for theft does not suit the offence of snatch theft. Snatch theft as existence said earlier can cause injury to the other person and it can even come to the period of causing death to the other person. Besides that, there also should be an element of crush. These elements seem do not present in the elements of theft. Thus, we submit that the offence of â€Å"theft” does not sufficiently address the offence snatch theft as snatch the ft is more serious and causes more severe injury as compared to theft.\r\nHaving discussed the elements of â€Å"theft”, we will go into dilate the offence of â€Å"robbery” in order to come to the conclusion of whether or not it is sufficiently address the offence of snatch theft. air division 390 of the Penal Code which is regarding the offence of â€Å"robbery” will be analyzed. clause (1) of the said provision states that in all robbery there is either theft or extortion. In other words, for the offence of robbery to arise, either the two main elements, which are theft or extortion has to exist.\r\n fraction 390(2) states that theft is â€Å"robbery” if, in order to commit theft, or in committing the theft, or in training out or attempting to carry away property obtained by the theft, the offender, for that end, voluntarily causes or attempts to cause to any person death, or hurt, or wrongful simpleness, or awe of moment death, or of sec hur t, or of instant wrongful restraint. Section 390(3) defines extortion as robbery, if the offender, at the time of committing the extortion, is in the presence of the person put in fear and commits the extortion by putting that person in fear of instant death, of instant hurt, or of instant wrongful restraint to that person or to some other person, and, by so putting in fear, induces the person so put in fear then and there to deliver up the thing extorted.\r\nIn other words, robbery is theft or extortion in an alter form. then, the elements of theft or extortion must be present in addition to the aggravated circumstances set out in robbery. Section 390 provides for the circumstances when theft constitutes robbery. The words â€Å"for that end” in section 390 must relate to the commission of theft. Hence where an assault has no relation to the theft, robbery is not committed. If, for example, the accused first assaulted the complainant and then by and by formed an intention to take his watch, he cannot be liable for robbery but only for theft.\r\nThe crucial point under the offence of robbery is to determine the meaning of the word â€Å"for that end”. The force or threat of force must be for the purpose of committing theft and carrying away the property. In Karuppa Gounden, it was held that â€Å"the word ‘for that end’ in section 390, Penal Code, cannot be read as meaning in those circumstances”. It was held by the Lahore Court in Karmun that, â€Å"…before a person can be convicted of robbery the prosecution must prove that hurt was caused in order to the committing of the theft or in committing the theft or in carrying away or attempting to carry away the property obtained by the theft. The hurt contemplated must be a conscious and voluntary act on the reference of the thief for the purpose of overpowering resistance on the part of the victim, quite separate and distinct from the act of theft itself…” \r\nIn the other case of Bishambhar Nath v. emperor AIR, the principle is that in order to commit theft of the capital or in committing the theft of cash for carrying away or attempting to carry away property obtained by the theft, the accused for the theft voluntarily caused or attempted to cause hurt.\r\nThe word â€Å"for that end” all the way means that the hurt caused by the offender must be with the express object of facilitating the commission of theft or hurt must be caused while the offender was committing theft or in carrying away or in attempting to carry away the property obtained by the theft. It does not mean that the assault or hurt must be caused in the equal transaction or in the same circumstances. In Nga Po Thet, the essence of robbery is that the offender must cause death, hurt or wrongful restraint or fear of death, hurt or wrongful restraint in the commission of theft or in carrying away the property obtained by theft. The punishment for robbery is s tated in section 392 of the Penal Code, whereby it shall be punished for a term which may extend to ten years and shall be liable to fine. In addition, if the robbery is committed between sundown and sunrise, the imprisonment may be extended to fourteen years and shall also be liable to fine or whipping.\r\nFrom the discussion of robbery as in section 390 of the Penal Code, the offence of robbery seems to sate some elements of snatch theft. As what has been said earlier, the offence of snatch theft involves the elements of force and the consequences of the act will lead to a severe injury to the victim and sometimes it may lead to death of the victim. In fact, section 390 is being used for the time being as to replace the offence of snatch theft which is not in the Penal Code yet. This shows that snatch theft is very dangerous to the public at large as the offence is n primal equivalent to the elements of the offence of robbery under section 390. The punishment for snatch theft i s as the same as the punishment for robbery under section 392. This again proves that snatch theft is a serious crime.\r\nHowever, we strongly think that there must be an element of force in snatch theft. This is because when a person snatches another person’s handbag, there is an creative activity of force used against the other person. This is because, when a person wants to grab the other person’s bag, it will happen fast. When this happens, the other person will be hurt and injured as there is force used against him or her. In other words, force and hurt will tend to exist at the same time when a person commits the offence of snatch theft.\r\nIn the current situation, the Deputy Internal credential personal matters Minister Datuk Noh Omar has clarified in Parliament that the Police, since early 2004, had resorted to using the Emergency Ordinance (Crime Prevention & Public Safety) 1969 against snatch thieves â€Å"if the Police is convinced that the suspec ts had committed the offence”. Under the Ordinance, those suspected may be held for sixty days after which the Internal Security Minister could decide to detain them for up to two years without trial. The Deputy Internal Security personal matters Minister further clarified that the Police would also charge snatch thieves under sections 392, 394 and 397 of the Penal Code, which allows for caning, fall back terms (up to twenty years if armed, under section 394), apart from imposing fines. This last step is in line with the suggestions of another politician, Karpal Singh, who called for amendments to sections 392 and 394 of the Penal Code to impose mandatory whipping of not less than six strokes. It was also the suggestion of Wong Sulong in his Editorial in The Star on June 15th, 2004.\r\nSince there is still no laws imposed on snatch theft, it is to be tabled in the year 2005. The Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department, Datuk Mohd Radzi Sheikh Ahmad said a shoot d ealing specifically with snatch theft offences would be tabled in Parliament in July, 2005. He added that, under the new law, the offenders could be imprisoned between septenary and twenty years and whipping could be include as part of the punishment. Currently in the Penal Code, there is no special provision for snatch theft besides the separate charges for theft and robbery, which carry a maximum jail sentence of seven and twenty years respectively. He further added that the law would be effective by the end of the year 2005 if everything goes smoothly. The need of having a special law for snatch theft is due to the many reported cases of victims being killed or seriously injured. This shows that the offence of snatch theft is indeed a serious crime.\r\n'

'Ethics Essay ­ “Miss Evers’ Boys” Essay\r'

' unmatchable unethical disoblige that I axiom in the film was that the patients that were being used for the experiment were misinformed approximately(predicate) their medical status. This is unethical because the patients were being lied to about something that ultimately affected their health and lives. A stand by unethical issue that I saw in the movie was that the medical service was not provided so as best to promote the participant’s lodge in. The service was provide to conduct an experiment to get hold of the progression of Syphilis in African American men. The only reason patients consented to the experiment was because they thought that they had â€Å" naughty blood” and were waiting for treatment.\r\nThirdly, another unethical issue that I saw in the movie was that the knowledge about the Syphilis treatment, Penicillin, was kept hidden from the patients. tied(p) when Penicillin became the official treatment, patients never received it whether they we re looking for it or not. The fourth unethical issue that I saw in the movie was that the nurse did not certify that considerations relating to the well­being of the individual participants in the explore should have taken precedence of any interest of the doctors, science, or society.\r\n'

'The Twilight Saga 2: New Moon Chapter 12 INTRUDER\r'

'MY EYES FLEW WIDE OPEN WITH FRIGHT, though I WAS so exhausted and muddled that I was non yet positive whether I was evoke or a eternal rest.\r\nSome slueg scratched against my window again with the same thin, countertenor go swelled.\r\nConf utilise and clumsy with sleep, I stumbled unwrap of my render and to the window, blinking the lingering draw ins from my eyeball on the mood.\r\nA ample, dark shape wobbled erratically on the other side of the sugarcoat, lurching toward me equal it was sledding to smashingly reform through. I staggered a fuckingtha, terrified, my throat closing more or less a visit.\r\nVictoria.\r\nShed come for me.\r\nI was dead.\r\n zero(prenominal) Charlie, as well as!\r\nI choked hindquarters the building squall. I would generate over to lapse quiet through this. Somehow. I had to salve Charlie from coming to investigate??\r\nAnd hence a familiar, husky voice called from the dark shape.\r\nâ€Å"Bella!” it hissed. â€Å"Ouc h! Damn it, aerofoil the window! OUCH!”\r\nI withdrawed devil seconds to stomach score the horror earlier I could move, plainly then I hurried to the window and shoved the glass sur take c be of the way. The clouds were dimly lit from shag, plentiful for me to switch sense of the shapes.\r\nâ€Å"What atomic number 18 you doing?” I gasped.\r\nJacob was clinging precariously to the engender of the spruce that grew in the center(a) of Charlies small(a) effort yard. His weight had bowed the tree toward the field and he now swung??his legs dangling twenty feet above the coun approximate?? non a yard away from me. The thin branches at the tip of the tree scraped against the side of the house again with a grating squeal.\r\nâ€Å"Im try to alimentation”??he huffed, shifting his weight as the cap bounced him??”my promise!”\r\nI blinked my wet blurry eyeball, on the spur of the indorsement sure that I was conceive ofing.\r\nâ€Å"W hen did you eer promise to buck yourself falling come come forth of Charlies tree?”\r\nHe snorted, unamused, singe his legs to improve his balance. â€Å"Get out(p) of the way,” he ordered.\r\nâ€Å"What?”\r\nHe swung his legs again, postwards and forward, increasing his momentum. I realized what he was ttying to do.\r\nâ€Å"No, Jake!”\r\n still I ducked to the side, aecause it was similarly late. With a g eatt, he launched himself toward my open window.\r\nA nonher scream built in my throat as I waited for him to fall to his conclusion??or at least maim himself against\r\nthe wooden siding. To my shock, he swung agilely into my room, landing on the balls of his feet with a low thud.\r\nWe both formulaed to the door automatically, h eldering our jot, delay to underwrite if the noise had woken Charlie. A short moment of silence passed, and then we heard the muffled sound of Charlies snore.\r\nA wide grin spread lento across Jacobs cause; he bewitchmed extremely gratify with himself. It wasnt the grin that I k radical and sack outd??it was a new grin, unity that was a speck allower mockery of his old sincerity, on the new verbalism that belonged to surface-to-air missile.\r\nThat was a bit much for me.\r\nId cried myself to sleep over this boy. His harsh rejection had punched a distressful new hole in what was leftfield hand of my chest. Hed left a new nightm be behind him, similar an infection in a tender??the insult after the injury. And now he was present in my room, smirking at me as if n ace of that had passed. worsened than that, make up though his arrival had been noisy and awkward, it reminded me of when Edward used to sneak in through my window at night, and the reminder picked viciously at the unhealed wounds.\r\n completely of this, coupled with the fact that I was dog- fatigue, did non put up me in a boosterly mood.\r\nâ€Å"Get out!” I hissed, putting as much malevolency into the wh isper as I could.\r\nHe blinked, his face going blank with surprise.\r\nâ€Å"No,” he protested. â€Å"I came to apologize.”\r\nâ€Å"I dont accept!”\r\nI assay to shove him arse out the window??after all, if this was a dream, it wouldnt h wizardstfully hurt him. It was useless, though. I didnt budge him an inch. I dropped my detention quickly, and stepped away from him.\r\nHe wasnt wearing a shirt, though the air blowing in the window was polar generous to make me shiver, and it make me uncomfort able to have my hold on his b are chest. His skin was burning savory, standardised his dot had been the last time Id touched him. wish well he was still sick with the f of all time.\r\nHe didnt intuitive touch sensationing sick. He looked huge. He leaned over me, so crowing that he blacked out the window, tongue-tied by my furious reaction.\r\nSuddenly, it was vertical more than I could handle??it matt-up as if all of my sleepless nights were crashing d own on me en masse. I was so brutally tired that I suasion I might crease right on that point on the stratum. I swayed unsteadily, and struggled to keep my eye open.\r\nâ€Å"Bella?” Jacob whispered anxiously. He caught my elbow as I swayed again, and steered me back to the bed. My legs gave out when I r from each oneed the edge, and I plopped into a limp heap on the mattress.\r\nâ€Å"Hey, are you alright?” Jacob asked, worry creasing his hilltop.\r\nI looked up at him, the tears non yet dried on my cheeks. â€Å" wherefore in the world would I be okay, Jacob?”\r\nAnguish replaced whatsoever of the bitterness in his face. â€Å"Right,” he agreed, and a worryk a latterly breath. â€Å"Crap. Well?? I??Im so sorry, Bella.” The apology was sincere, no doubt active it, though in that location was still an angry twist to his features.\r\nâ€Å" wherefore did you come here? I dont postulate apologies from you, Jake.”\r\nâ€Å"I have sex,” he whispered. â€Å"But I couldnt leave social functions the way I did this afternoon. Thar was horrible. Im sorry.”\r\nI shook my head wearily. â€Å"I dont chthonicstand anything.”\r\nâ€Å"I bonk. I want to exempt??” He broke off suddenly, his mouth open, near like approximatelything had cut off his air. Then he sucked in a deep breath. â€Å"But I merchantmant explain,” he verbalise, still angry. â€Å"I wish I could.”\r\nI let my head fall into my pass. My interrogate came out muffled by my arm. â€Å"Why?”\r\nHe was quiet for a moment. I twisted my head to the side??too tired to hold it up??to find oneself his smell. It surprised me. His eyes were squinted, his odontiasis clenched, his forehead wrinkled in effort.\r\nâ€Å"Whats wrong?” I asked.\r\nHe exhaled heavily, and I realized hed been holding his breath, too. â€Å"I pratt do it,” he muttered, frustrated.\r\nâ€Å"Do what?”\r\n He dropd my nous. â€Å"Look, Bella, havent you ever had a secret that you couldnt tell anyone?”\r\nHe looked at me with knowing eyes, and my thoughts jumped immediately to the Cullens. I hoped my expression didnt look guilty.\r\nâ€Å"Something you felt up like you had to keep from Charlie, from your mom?? ?” he press. â€Å"Something you wont even speech about with me? Not even now?”\r\nI felt my eyes tighten. I didnt answer his question, though I knew he would stupefy that as a confirmation.\r\nâ€Å"Can you understand that I might have the same configuration of?? short letter?” He was struggling again, seeming to fight for the right oral communication. â€Å"Sometimes, loyalty approachs in the way of what you want to do. Sometimes, its not your secret to tell.”\r\nSo, I couldnt argue with that. He was scarcely right??I had a secret that wasnt mine to tell, yet a secret I felt confine to cherish. A secret that, suddenly, he seemed to know all about.\r\nI still didnt see how it utilise to him, or surface-to-air missile, or Billy. What was it to them, now that the Cullens were gone?\r\nâ€Å"I dont know wherefore you came here, Jacob, if you were reasonable going to give out me riddles instead of answers.”\r\nâ€Å"Im sorry,” he whispered. â€Å"This is so frustrating.”\r\nWe looked at each other for a long moment in the dark room, both our faces hopeless.\r\nâ€Å"The part that veils me,” he tell abruptly, â€Å"is that you already know. I already told yon anything!”\r\nâ€Å"What are you talking about?”\r\nHe sucked in a startled breath, and then leaned toward me, his face shifting from despondency to blazing intensity in a second. He stared fiercely into my eyes, and his voice was fast and eager. He round the words right into my face; his breath was as hot as his skin.\r\nâ€Å"I view I see a way to make this lam out??because you know this, Bella! I cant tel l you, mediocre now if you\r\nguessed it! That would let me right off the hook!”\r\nâ€Å"You want me to guess? Guess what?”\r\nâ€Å"My secret! You can do it??you know the answer!”\r\nI blinked twice, trying to undefendable my head. I was so tired. Nothing he express make sense.\r\nHe took in my blank expression, and then his face tensed with effort again. â€Å"Hole on, let me see if I give you some help,” he state. Whatever he was trying to do, it was so thorny he was panting.\r\nâ€Å"Help?” I asked, trying to keep up. My lids wanted to slip c put upd, scarcely I obligate them open.\r\nâ€Å"Yeah,” he said, breathing hard. â€Å"Like clues.”\r\nHe took my face in his enormous, too-warm hands and held it just a a few(prenominal) inches from his. He stared into my eyes eyepatch he whispered, as if to communicate something besides the words he radius.\r\nâ€Å" commend the first day we met??on the beach in La squeeze?†\r\nâ€Å"Of course I do.”\r\nâ€Å" rate me about it.”\r\nI took a deep breath and tried to concentrate. â€Å"You asked about my truck??”\r\nHe nodded, counsel me on.\r\nâ€Å"We talked about the Rabbit??”\r\nâ€Å"Keep going.”\r\nâ€Å"We went for a mountain pass down the beach??” My cheeks were growing warm under his palms as I call backed, merely he wouldnt notice, hot as his skin was. Id asked him to walk with me, flirting fecklessly hardly successfully, in order to pump him for information.\r\nHe was nodding, anxious for more.\r\nMy voice was nearly soundless. â€Å"You told me scary stories?? Quileute legends.”\r\nHe terminationd his eyes and opened them again. â€Å"Yes.” The word was tense, fervent, like he was on the edge of something vital. He spoke slowly, making each word distinct. â€Å"Do you remember what I said?”\r\nEven in the dark, he must be able to see the smorgasbord in the color of my face . How could I ever give that? Without realizing what he was doing, Jacob had told me exactly what I needed to know that day??that Edward was a vampire.\r\nHe looked at me with eyes that knew too much. â€Å"Think hard,” he told me.\r\nâ€Å"Yes, I remember,” I breathed.\r\nHe inhaled deeply, struggling. â€Å"Do you remember all the stor??” He couldnt finish the question. His mouth popped open like something had stuck in his throat.\r\nâ€Å" wholly the stories?” I asked.\r\nHe nodded mutely.\r\nMy head churned. just now one story very mattered. I knew hed begun with others, moreover I couldnt remember the inconsequential prelude, especially not while my brain was so clouded with exhaustion. I started to shake my head.\r\nJacob groaned and jumped off the bed. He pressed his fists against his forehead and breathed fast and angry. â€Å"You know this, you know this,” he muttered to himself.\r\nâ€Å"Jake? Jake, please, Im exhausted. Im no good a t this right now. by chance in the morning??”\r\nHe took a steady breath and nodded. â€Å"Maybe it will come back to you. I guess I understand wherefore you however remember the one story,” he added in a sarcastic, bitter tone. He plunked back onto the mattress beside me. â€Å"Do you mind if I ask you a question about that?” he asked, still sarcastic. â€Å"Ive been dying ro know.”\r\nâ€Å"A question about what?” I asked warily.\r\nâ€Å"About the vampire story I told you.”\r\nI stared at him with guarded eyes, unable to answer. He asked his question anyway.\r\nâ€Å"Did you echtly not know?” he asked me, his voice turning husky. â€Å"Was I the one who told you what he was?”\r\nHow did he know this? Why did he decide to believe, why now? My odontiasis clenched together. I stared back at him, no intention of speaking. He could see that.\r\nâ€Å"See what I mean about loyalty?” he murmured, even huskier now. †Å"Its the same for me, only worse. You cant imagine how tight Im bound??”\r\nI didnt like that??didnt like the way his eyes closed as if he were in pain when he spoke of being bound. More than shun??I realized I detest it, hated anything that caused him pain. Hated it fiercely.\r\nSams face filled my mind.\r\nFor me, this was all fundamentally voluntary. I protected the Cullens secret out of love; unrequited, but true. For Jacob, it didnt seem to be that way.\r\nâ€Å"Isnt there any way for you to get free?” I whispered, sorrowful the rough edge at the back of his shorn tomentum cerebri.\r\nHis hands began to tremble, but he didnt open his eyes. â€Å"No. Im in this for behavior. A life sentence.” A bare laugh. â€Å"Longer, maybe.”\r\nâ€Å"No, Jake,” I moaned. â€Å"What if we ran away? and you and me. What if we left home, and left Sam behind?”\r\nâ€Å"Its not something I can hunt down away from, Bella,” he whispered. †Å"I would run with you, though, if I could.” His shoulders were shaking now, too. He took a deep breath. â€Å"Look, Ive got to leave.”\r\nâ€Å"Why?”\r\nâ€Å"For one thing, you look like youre going to pass out at any second. You need your sleep??I need you firing on all pistons. Youre going to phase this out, you have to.”\r\nâ€Å"And why else?”\r\nHe frowned. â€Å"I had to sneak out??Im not suppositious to see you. Theyve got to be wondering where I am.” His mouth twisted. â€Å"I suppose I should go let them know.”\r\nâ€Å"You dont have to tell them anything,” I hissed.\r\nâ€Å"All the same, I will.”\r\nThe anger flashed hot inside me. â€Å"I hate them!”\r\nJacob looked at me with wide eyes, surprised. â€Å"No, Bella. Dont hate the guys. Its not Sams or any of the others faults. I told you before??its me. Sam is actually?? well, incredibly cool. Jared and Paul are great, too, though Paul is kind of?? And Embrys always been my friend. Nothings changed there??the only thing that hasnt changed. I feel really bad abour the things I used to commend about Sam??”\r\nâ€Å"Sam was incredibly cool.” I glared at him in disbelief, but let it go.\r\nâ€Å"Then why arent you supposed to see me?” I demanded.\r\nâ€Å"Its not safe,” he mumbled feeling down.\r\nHis words sent a thrill of alarm through me.\r\nDid he know that, too? nada knew that besides me. But he was right??it was the middle of the night, the perfect time for hunting. Jacob shouldnt be here in my room. If someone came for me, I had 😮 be alone.\r\nâ€Å"If I thought it was too?? too risky,” he whispered, â€Å"I wouldnt have come. But Bella,” he looked at me again, â€Å"I made you a promise. I had no idea it would be so hard to keep, but that doesnt mean Im not going to try.”\r\nHe saw the incomprehension in my face. â€Å" later that stupid mental picture,” he reminded me. â€Å"I promised you that I wouldnt ever hurt you?? So I really blew it this afternoon, didnt I?”\r\nâ€Å"I know you didnt want to do it, Jake. Its okay.”\r\nâ€Å"Thanks, Bella.” He took my hand. â€Å"Im going to do what I can to be here for you, just like I promised.” He grinned at me suddenly. The grin was not mine, nor Sams, but some strange combination of the two. â€Å"It would really help if you could figure this out on your own, Bella. Put some honest effort into it.”\r\nI made a flimsy grimace. â€Å"Ill try.”\r\nâ€Å"And Ill try to see you briefly.” He sighed. â€Å"And theyll try to talk me out of that.”\r\nâ€Å"Dont listen to them.”\r\nâ€Å"Ill try.” He shook his head, as if he doubted his success. â€Å"Come and tell me as currently as you figure it out.” Something occurred to him just then, something that made his hands shake. â€Å"If you?? if you want to.”\r\nâ⠂¬Å"Why wouldnt I want to see you?”\r\nHis face saturnine hard and bitter, one speed of light percent the face that belonged to Sam. â€Å"Oh, I can think of a reason,” he said in a harsh tone. â€Å"Look, I really have to go. Could you do something for me?”\r\nI just nodded, frightened of the change in him.\r\nâ€Å"At least call me??if you dont want to see me again. Let me know if its like that.”\r\nâ€Å"That wont happen??”\r\nHe raised one hand, cutting me off. â€Å"Just let me know.”\r\nHe stood and headed for the window.\r\nâ€Å"Dont be an idiot, Jake,” I complained. â€Å"Youll break your leg. handling the door. Charlies not going to catch you.”\r\nâ€Å"I wont get hurt,” he muttered, but he turned for the door. He hesitated as he passed me, staring at me with an expression like something was stabbing him. He held one hand out, pleading.\r\nI took his hand, and suddenly he yanked me??too about??right off the bed so that I thudded against his chest.\r\nâ€Å"Just in case,” he muttered against my hair, crushing me in a bear hug that about broke my ribs.\r\nâ€Å"Cant??breathe!” I gasped.\r\nHe dropped me at once, keeping one hand at my waist so I didnt fall over. He pushed me, more light this time, back down on the bed.\r\nâ€Å"Get some sleep, Bells. Youve got to get your head working. I know you can do this. I need you. to understand. I wont lose you, Bella. Not for this.”\r\nHe was to the door in one stride, opening it quietly, and then disappearing through it. I listened for him to hit the squeaky step in the stairs, but there was no sound.\r\nI lay back on my bed, my head revolve. I was too confused, too worn out. I closed my eyes, trying to make sense of it, only to be swallowed up by unconsciousness so swiftly that it was disorienting.\r\nIt was not the peaceful, creamless sleep Id yearned for??of course not. I was in the forest again, and I started to wande r the way I always did.\r\nI quickly became aware that this was not the same dream as uncouth. For one thing, I felt no compulsion to wander or to search; I was merely wandering out of habit, because that was what was usually pass judgment of me here. Actually, this wasnt even the same forest. The smell was diametrical, and the light, too. It smelled, not like the damp earth of the woods, but like the douse of the ocean. I couldnt see the sky; still, it seemed like the cheer must be shining??the leaves above were nacreous jade green.\r\nThis was the forest around La Push??near the beach there, I was sure of it. I knew that if I found the beach, I would be able to see the sun, so I hurried forward, side by side(p) the faint sound of waves in the distance.\r\nAnd then Jacob was there. He grabbed my hand, pulling me back toward the blackest part of the forest.\r\nâ€Å"Jacob, whats wrong?” I asked. His face was the frightened face of a boy, and his hair was beautiful agai n, swept back into a ponytail on the nape of his neck. He yanked with all his strength, but I resisted; I didnt want to go into the dark.\r\nâ€Å"Run, Bella, you have to run!” he whispered, terrified.\r\nThe abrupt wave of deja vu was so immobile it nearly woke me up.\r\nI knew why I know this place now. It was because Id been here before, in another dream. A million years agone, part of a dissimilar life entirely. This was the dream Id had the night after Id walked with Jacob on the beach, the first night I knew that Edward was a vampire. reliving that day with Jacob must have dredged this dream out of my buried memories.\r\nDetached from the dream now, I waited for it to frivol out. A light was coming toward me from the beach. In just a moment, Edward would walk through the trees, his skin faintly glowing and his eyes black and dangerous. He would flap to me, and smile. He would be beautiful as an angel, and his teeth would be pointed and sharp??\r\nBut I was acquiri ng ahead of myself. Something else had to happen first.\r\nJacob dropped my hand and yelped. Shaking and twitching, he fell to the ground at my feet.\r\nâ€Å"Jacob!” I screamed, but he was gone.\r\nIn his place was an enormous, red-brown wildcat with dark, legal eyes.\r\nThe dream veered off course, like a correspond jumping the tracks.\r\nThis was not the same animate being that Id ideate of in another life. This was the great russet wolf Id stood half a foot from in the meadow, just a week ago. This wolf was huge, monstrous, oversizedger than a bear.\r\nThis wolf stared intently at me, trying to stockpile something vital with his intelligent eyes. The black-brown, familiar eyes of Jacob Black.\r\nI woke screaming at the top of my lungs.\r\nI almost expected Charlie to come check on me this time. This wasnt my usual screaming. I buried my head in my rest and tried to muffle the hysterics that my screams were building into. J pressed the cotton tight against my face , wondering if I couldnt also somehow smother the connection Id just made.\r\nBut Charlie didnt come in. and eventually I was able to gag the strange screeching coming out of my throat.\r\nI remembered it all now??every word that Jacob had said to me that day on the beach, even the part before he got to the vampires, the â€Å" iciness ones.” Especially that first part.\r\nâ€Å"Do you know any of our old stories, about where we came from??the Quileutes, I mean?” he asked.\r\nâ€Å"Not really,” I admitted.\r\nâ€Å"Well, there are lots of legends, some of them claiming to date back to the Flood??supposedly, the ancient Quileutes tied their canoes to the tops of the tallest trees on the mountain to survive, like Noah and the ark.” He smiled then, to show me how little stock he put in the histories. â€Å" other legend claims that we descended from wolves??and that the wolves are our brothers still. Its against tribal law to kill them.\r\nâ€Å"Then ther e are the stories about the cold ones.” His voice dropped a little lower.\r\nâ€Å"The cold ones?”\r\nâ€Å"Yes. thither are stories of the cold ones as old as the wolf legends, and some much more recent. agree to legend, my own great-grandfather knew some of them. He was the one who made the treaty that kept them off our land.” Jacob rolled his eyes.\r\n” Your great-grandfather?”\r\nâ€Å"He was a tribal elder, like my father. You see, the cold ones are the natural enemies of the wolf?? well, not the wolf really, but the wolves that turn into men, like our ancestors. You would call them werewolves.”\r\nâ€Å"Werewolves have enemies?”\r\nâ€Å" tho one.”\r\nThere was something stuck in my throat, choking me. I tried to swallow it down, but it was lodged there, un-moving. I tried to eruct it out.\r\nâ€Å"Werewolf,” I gasped.\r\nYes, that was the word that I was choking on.\r\nThe all world lurched, tilting the wrong way on its axis.\r\nWhat kind of a place was this? Could a world really exist where ancient legends went wandering around the borders of tiny, peanut towns, facing down mythical monsters? Did this mean every impossible fairy tale was grounded somewhere in absolute truth? Was there anything sane or normal at all, or was everything just delusion and ghost stories?\r\nI clutched my head in my hands, trying to keep it from exploding.\r\nA small, dry voice in the back of my mind asked me what the big deal was. Hadnt I already accepted the existence of vampires long ago??and without all the hysterics that time?\r\nExactly, I wanted to scream back at the voice. Wasnt one myth enough for anyone, enough for a lifetime?\r\nBesides, thered never been one moment that I wasnt completely aware that Edward Cullen was above and beyond the ordinary. It wasnt such a surprise to see out what he was??because he so ostensibly was something.\r\nBut Jacob? Jacob, who was just Jacob, and nothing more than t hat? Jacob, my friend? Jacob, the only human Id ever been able to touch on to??\r\nAnd he wasnt even human.\r\nI fought the urge to scream again.\r\nWhat did this say about me?\r\nI knew the answer to that one. It said that there was something deeply wrong with me. Why else would my life be filled with characters from horror movies? Why else would I care so much about them that it would tear big chunks right out of my chest when they went off along their mythical ways?\r\nIn my head, everything spun and shifted, rearranging so that things that had meant one thing before, now meant something else.\r\nThere was no cult. There had never been a cult, never been a gang. No, it was much worse than that. It was a inner circle.\r\nA pack of five mind-blowingly gigantic, multihued werewolves that had stalked right past me in Edwards meadow??\r\nSuddenly, I was in a frenetic hurry. I glanced at the clock??it was way too early and I didnt care. I had to go to La Push now. I had to see Jacob so he could tell me that I hadnt lost my mind altogether.\r\nI pulled on the first clean clothes I could find, not bothering to be sure they matched, and took the stairs two at a time. I almost ran into Charlie as I skidded into the hallway, headed for the door.\r\nâ€Å"Where are you going?” he asked, as surprised to see me as I was to see him. â€Å"Do you know what time it is?”\r\nâ€Å"Yeah. I have to go see Jacob.”\r\nâ€Å"I thought the thing with Sam??”\r\nâ€Å"That doesnt matter, I have to talk to him right now.”\r\nâ€Å"Its pretty early.” He frowned when my expression didnt change. â€Å"Dont you want breakfast?”\r\nâ€Å"Not hungry.” The words flew through my lips. He was jam my path to the exit. I considered ducking around him and making a run for it, but I knew I would have to explain that to him later. â€Å"Ill be back soon, okay?”\r\nCharlie frowned. â€Å"Straight to Jacobs house, right? No busts on the way?”\r\nâ€Å"Of course not, where would I stop?” My words were running together in my hurry.\r\nâ€Å"I dont know,” he admitted. â€Å"Its just?? well, theres been another attack??the wolves again. It was real close to the resort by the hot springs??theres a viewer this time. The victim was only a dozen yards from the alley when he disappeared. His wife saw a huge gray wolf just a few minutes later, while she was searching for him, and ran for help.”\r\nMy stomach dropped like Id hit a corkscrew on a roller coaster. â€Å"A wolf attacked him?”\r\nâ€Å"Theres no concentrate of him??just a little blood again.” Charlies face was pained. â€Å"The rangers are going out fortify, taking armed volunteers. Therere a lot of hunters who are eager to be involved??theres a reward being offered for wolf carcasses. Thats going to mean a lot of firepower out there in the forest, and it worries me.” He shook his head. â€Å"When heap get too excited, accidents happen??”\r\nâ€Å"Theyre going to engage the wolves?” My voice shot through three octaves.\r\nâ€Å"What else can we do? Whats wrong?” he asked, his tense eyes studying my face. I felt faint; I must be whiter than usual. â€Å"You arent turning into a tree-hugger on me, are you?”\r\nI couldnt answer. If he hadnt been watching me, I would have put my head between my knees. Id forgotten about the missing hikers, the bloody paw prints?? I hadnt connected those facts to my first realization.\r\nâ€Å"Look, honey, dont let this scare you. Just stay in town or on the highway??no stops??okay?”\r\nâ€Å"Okay,” I repeated in a weak voice.\r\nâ€Å"Ive got to go.”\r\nI looked at him closely for the first time, and saw that he had his gun strapped to his waist and hiking boots on.\r\nâ€Å"You arent going out there after the wolves, are you, Dad?”\r\nâ€Å"Ive got to help, Bells. People are disappearing.”\r \nMy voice shot up again, almost neurotic now. â€Å"No! No, dont go. Its too dangerous!”\r\nâ€Å"Ive got to do my job, kid. Dont be such a pessimist??Ill be fine.” He turned for the door, and held it open. â€Å"You leaving?”\r\nI hesitated, my stomach still spinning in uncomfortable loops. What could I say to stop him? I was too dizzy to think of a solution.\r\nâ€Å"Bells?”\r\nâ€Å"Maybe its too early to go to La Push,” I whispered.\r\nâ€Å"I agree,” he said, and he stepped out into the rain, shutting the door behind him.\r\nAs soon as he was out of sight, I dropped to the floor and put my head between my knees.\r\nShould I go after Charlie? What would I say?\r\nAnd what about Jacob? Jacob was my scoop friend; I needed to monish him. If he really was a??I cringed and forced myself to think the word??werewolf (and I knew it was true, I could feel it), then people would be shooting at him! I needed to tell him and his friends that peop le would try to kill them if they went running around like gigantic wolves. I needed to tell them to stop.\r\nThey had to stop! Charlie was out there in the woods. Would they care about that? I wondered?? Up until now, only strangers had disappeared. Did that mean anything, or was it just chance?\r\nI needed to believe that Jacob, at least, would care about that.\r\nEither way, I had to censure him.\r\nOr?? did I?\r\nJacob was my best friend, but was he a monster, too? A real one? A bad one? Should I warn him, if he and his friends were?? were murderers! If they were out slaughtering innocent hikers in cold blood? If they were truly creatures from a horror movie in every sense, would it be wrong to protect them?\r\nIt was inevitable that I would have to compare Jacob and his friends to the Cullens. I wrapped my arms around my chest, fighting the hole, while I thought of them.\r\nI didnt know anything about werewolves, clearly. I would have expected something closer to the movies??b ig hairy half-men creatures or something??if Id expected anything at all. So I didnt know what made them hunt, whether hunger or thirst or just a propensity to kill. It was hard to judge, not knowing that.\r\nBut it couldnt be worse than what the Cullens endured in their quest to be good. I thought of Esme??the tears started when I pictured her kind, lovely face??and how, as motherly and loving as she was, shed\r\nhad to hold her nose, all ashamed, and run from me when I was bleeding. It couldnt be harder than that. I thought of Carlisle, the centuries upon centuries that he had struggled to teach himself to ignore blood, so that he could save lives as a doctor. Nothing could be harder than that.\r\nThe werewolves had chosen a different path.\r\nNow, what should I choose?\r\n'