September 11th (911) essays

September 11th (911) essays September 11, 2001, started off like any other day. I drove to school in my usual morning stupor, and went to my first hour, Bible as Literature with Dr. Lynn Moyers. We were working on a project in the library that day. September 11, brought nothing out of the ordinary, until I reached my second hour, Comparative Religion with Mr. Fritz, there a student by the name of Linda told the class that a plane had crashed into one of the World Trade Centers Towers. At that time my class and I did not think much of the situation. Mr. Fritz, a social studies teacher, on the other hand did. Mr. Fritz explained the forty year history of the World Trade Center. I dont remember all that he said, but I do remember how alarmed I was when he reminded me of the 1993 bombing. Quickly Mr. Fritz asked a student to get a television. At the time we turned the television on it revealed smoke ascending from the north tower. CNN displayed other camera angles, we began to see exactly how much damage occurred in this accident. I say accident because at the time that is all the public suspected. What I remember seeing is smoke from the crash of an American Airlines plane almost completely dissolved into the tower. At this point I sat in Mr. Fritzs class thinking what a dumb accident, not fathoming the situation would get worse. The class and I continued to watch intensely, when out of the corner of the screen a Delta Airliner came into view. This jet wrapped itself up and around right into the center of the south tower. After that our view of the situation took a complete three-sixty. The obvious was that something was definitely out of control. I sat in my seat with a horrible sense of discomfort, I could not believe what my eyes saw. I stayed glued to the television, as did the rest of my class. The next topic CNN discussed ...

Math Curriculum Plan of Study

Math Curriculum Plan of Study High school math typically consists of three or four years of required credits along with additionally offered electives. In many states, the choice of courses is determined by whether the student is on a career or college preparatory path. Following is an overview of suggested required courses in a curriculum, for either a student going on a Career Preparatory Path or a College Preparatory Path along with electives one might find at a typical high school. Sample High School Career Preparatory Math Plan of Study Year One–Algebra 1 Major Topics: Real NumbersLinear EquationsSystems of EquationsExponentsPolynomials and FactoringQuadratic EquationsRadicals Year Two–Liberal Arts Math This course is intended to bridge the gap between Algebra 1 and Geometry by building on the students algebra skills to help them prepare for geometry.Major Topics: Exponents and RadicalsAlgebraic Expressions and PolynomialsLinear and Quadratic EquationsSystems of Linear Equations and InequalitiesCoordinate GeometryTwo-Dimensional FiguresProperties of congruent and similar trianglesRight TrianglesSurface Area and Volume Year Three–Geometry Major Topics: Length, Distance, and AnglesProofsParallel LinesPolygonsCongruencyArea Relationships and the Pythagorean TheoremCoordinate GeometrySurface Area and VolumeSimilarityIntroduction to Trigonometry and Circles Sample High School College Preparatory Math Plan of Study Year One–Algebra 1 OR Geometry Students who completed Algebra 1 in middle school will move directly into Geometry. Otherwise, they will complete Algebra 1 in ninth grade.Major Topics Included in Algebra 1: Real NumbersLinear EquationsSystems of EquationsExponentsPolynomials and FactoringQuadratic EquationsRadicals Major Topics Included in Geometry: Length, Distance, and AnglesProofsParallel LinesPolygonsCongruencyArea Relationships and the Pythagorean TheoremCoordinate GeometrySurface Area and VolumeSimilarityIntroduction to Trigonometry and Circles Year Two–Geometry or Algebra 2 Students who completed Algebra 1 in their ninth grade year will continue with Geometry. Otherwise, they will enroll in Algebra 2. Major Topics Included in Algebra 2: Families of FunctionsMatricesSystems of EquationsQuadraticsPolynomials and FactoringRational ExpressionsThe Composition of Functions and Inverse FunctionsProbability and Statistics Year Three–Algebra 2 or Precalculus Students who completed Algebra 2 in their tenth-grade year will continue with Precalculus which includes topics in Trigonometry. Otherwise, they will enroll in Algebra 2.Major Topics Included in Precalculus: Functions and Graphing FunctionsRational and Polynomial FunctionsExponential and Logarithmic FunctionsBasic TrigonometryAnalytic TrigonometryVectorsLimits Year Four–Precalculus or Calculus Students who completed Precalculus in their eleventh-grade year will continue with Calculus. Otherwise, they will enroll in Precalculus.Major Topics Included in Calculus: LimitsDifferentiationIntegrationLogarithmic, Exponential, and Other Transcendental FunctionsDifferential EquationsIntegration Techniques AP Calculus is the standard replacement for Calculus. This is the equivalent of a first-year college introductory calculus course. Math Electives Typically students take their math elective in their senior year. Following are a sampling of typical math electives offered in high schools. AP Statistics: this is the study of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data.

Global Warming Is Harmful Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global Warming Is Harmful - Essay Example Regardless of all the arguments presented, I believe that humans contribute to the climatic changes and extreme weather conditions. The increased CO2 levels and rising temperature do have a link. The link between greenhouse effect and global warming are valid as put down by one set of the researchers. Although the studies and climatic researches are not invalid and the continuous debate over this topic does carry an important place in the Earth’s study. According to my point of view, it is not valid to judge the climatic change just by examining or considering the weather patterns of a small region. Global warming does not talk about a particular region, city or country. It is an overall analysis of the Earth’s temperature. Hence, claims that are based on the study of a single region are invalid and must not be relied upon. The study of NCDC, however, clearly asserts against that claim by ranking the temperature for January 2004 as the 4th warmest on record (NCDC, Clima te of 2004, 2004). This further disproves the claim of the other group. I also agree with the statement that carbon emissions are of the major cause of the problem of Global Warming. The factories which are using the fossil fuels during their manufacturing process are giving out a huge amount of carbon and this contributes greatly in making the climate warmer (CBO, 1990). The trees planted in the world are believed to be of paramount significance in preventing the issue of global warming to increase. In the process of the growth of a tree carbon dioxide is used. This carbon dioxide helps in the growth of the tree until its final stages of death and decomposition eventually. This decomposition on the other hand again causes the tree to release carbon dioxide in the environment. Deforestation is one... This paper talks that most of the problems being found in the world are related to the environmental factors. One such environmental problem which has created a political spark all over the world is ‘Global Warming’. Over the years Global Warming has become an issue for the whole world and it is seen that many demographic and temperature changes have occurred throughout the world. The study of Earth and its climate is of immense importance and beyond any doubt the reason for such extreme climatic changes should be known. In order to evaluate the reasons behind the changing climate of the Earth, the studies regarding global warming and the arguments against it are helpful. This paper shows two points of view on the global warming. The proponents and opponents of global warming present with convincing statements regarding their stance. However the individuals who believe that global warming is caused by nature itself do not straighten up their facts and manipulate or interpret the researches. The medieval warm period as put down by the opponents of the global warming is not a strong base for their opposition of human actions on global warming. Even if the medieval warm period was a period in which the earth was warmer than what it is now it does not prove anything regarding the green house gases and global warming. It does not tell if the green house gases have an effect on global warming and if global warming does or does not affect the temperature of this world. The individuals who believe that human actions have a relation to global warming seem to be quite right in their hypothesis in my belief.

Strategic Marketing Planningfor SMEs in Zimbabwe Dissertation

Strategic Marketing Planningfor SMEs in Zimbabwe - Dissertation Example When it was termed that the strategic planning was not feasible, practitioners might want to emphasise short term planning for SMEs in Zimbabwe. Further, the findings for the case of SMEs in Zimbabwe could provide a basis for further study on the implications of strategic planning for other developing countries, and for countries in similar economic and political conditions to Zimbabwe. Acknowledgement I am greatly indebted to my dissertation supervisor, Professor David Crick, who has constantly provided me with his support, encouragement, and guidance. Declaration I, Charles Mudekunye, declare that all information in this project has been compiled by me. Any quoting is stated as so, and when references are made to previous work, they appear as references at the end of the report. No part of this dissertation has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification from the university or any other institute of learning. Charles Mudekunye19th September 2006 Table of Contents Abstract 1 Acknowledgement 2 Declaration 3 Table of Contents... The review, analysis, discussion and case studies in the paper conclude that the strategic planning is necessary for the success of SMEs. Too much of it can also result in non-productive situations in the environment like Zimbabwe. The reason is that the long-term strategic planning cannot be applicable for the situation in the Zimbabwe. The reason is that the inflation and interest rates are changing sometimes on a quarterly basis. The market availability for the majority of the businesses was less and this restricts the use of strategic planning. The SMEs are finding tough to get funds in the form of loans as the lending rates are higher. These higher lending rates can come down when the inflation comes down and government decreases internal borrowings. So this lapse cannot be addressed immediately and can be solved in the course of time as the agricultural production increases and people spend less on agriculture and find enough money to spend on other goods. This study makes a conclusion that the prevailing inflation is capable of restricting the majority of the people to spend money on the things other than food, clothing, and housing. As the market was absent, the banks and financial institutions are also not finding enough businesses to lend their money. This, in turn, was resulting in nonavailability of the funds for low interest. The government should not budge to these types of pressures and must encourage the domestic industry to increase the production, which is capable of increasing the value of the ZWD.

Principles of Macroeconomics Essay Example for Free

Principles of Macroeconomics Essay An increase of government purchases occurs after a rise in aggregate output and employment. This tends to stimulate the economy, people then tend to buy more and save less. Therefore, it results to a higher importation than exportation, known as the trade deficit. The budget deficit increases the external deficits because the exports do not proportionately increase to counterweight increase imports. This explains that a large budget deficit raises domestic interest rates and the exchange rate. With a higher exchange rate the domestic products becomes more expensive and foreign goods cheaper. Hence, the import increases while export decreases. Resulting, the trade deficit to be enlarged. Consequently, to help drive the trade and current account of the balance of payments into deficit there is a combination of a higher interest rate and a stronger currency. However, to defend that the budget deficits mainly results from tax cuts that tend to reduce both public revenues and public saving; many researchers have justified the Ricardian equivalence hypothesis. Nevertheless, these tax cuts are effective on reducing public savings and enlarging the budget deficit, equivalently they increase private saving by amount. However, Ricardo’s neutrality hypothesis recommended that the private sector views budget deficits as public investment and treats public and private investment as perfect substitutes. How do the CPI and the GDP deflator differ? Why do economists believe that the CPI overstates the rate of inflation? Is this an important problem? CPI is an accurate measure of inflation. When the price basket goes up so does the CPI. It is limited to what it measures. It only measure the prices of the goods and services purchased by the urban consumers which is about 60% of the total production of the economy whilst on the contrary the GDP deflator measures the total production in the economy. It also allows to show up in the deflator the as people respond to changing prices. With this approach, the GDP deflator is being rebound up to date expenditure patterns. Despite that CPI only measure about 60% of the total production, it helps people give the idea how it affects them because it measures the type of goods they buy. Moreover, it comes out monthly and available anytime. With the historical comparison, most of the time the CPI and GDP price deflator had the same inflation rate, and when there is a difference, they do not differ much. However, if the CPI differs from the GDP deflator, it is only by a fraction of a percentage point, even so this could be important for some economic policy decision. Many economists believe that CPI overstates the rate inflation because they think that CPI is not a good indicator of a current inflation. According to David Ranson, a U. S. economist, a better indicator of current inflation would be increases in the price of commodities because initially inflation affects commodity prices and it will probably take several years for this commodity inflation to work its way through an economy and be reflected in the CPI. It is not an important problem so long as one is using whichever measure is appropriate for their findings. Reference Quantcrunch Tutor (April 2009 ) QA in Macroeconomics http://qainmacroeconomics. blogspot. com/2009_04_01_archive. html

Father and Son by Bernard MacLaverty Essay example -- English Literatu

Father and Son By Bernard MacLaverty Father and Son is a story about the relationship between a widower father and his teenage son. â€Å"Father and Son† â€Å"Father and Son† is a story about the relationship between a widower father and his teenage son. They live in Belfast, in a neighbourhood with a lot of violence. At night they can hear the sound of ambulances criss-crosses the dark. Both the son and the father are scared to sleep at night, but the son will not admit his fears to his father. The father is concerned for his son’s life. They used to have a good relationship. They went fishing, talked and laughed, and the father could put his arms around his son. But two years before this story takes place the son went to London and got mixed up with drug addicts. His father had t...

Poetry Analysis: “Love is not all” Essay

Poetry reveals the emotions of the speaker. It will give happy thoughts if the speaker is happy but the opposite if the speaker is sad. Poems exist because of emotional certainties and uncertainties. That is why poems are more ideal and complex rather than other forms of literary pieces. The poem entitled â€Å"Love is not all† by Edna St. Vincent Millay discusses the meaning of love. The whole poem wants to say the truth about love – the destiny of people and how humans treat love at all. There are also different emerging figurative languages throughout the poem, which discusses the problems and dilemma of being in love. Therefore, the theme of this poem is love as it unravels the sadness and deepness of affection through metaphorical justification of the speaker’s emotions. The speaker of this poem wants to convey one thing – love is not perfect. He wants to justify his emotions through the different experiences in his life. Based on the message of the poem, the speaker is a man who wants to share his distress, defeat, and fall in loving his woman. The speaker compares love to a drink, meat, roof, floating spar, air, and medicine. These things symbolize many concepts that strengthen the idea and context of love. Drink and meat symbolize life, roof symbolizes shed or shelter, a floating par symbolizes life saver, air symbolizes breath, and medicine symbolizes cure. â€Å"Love is not all: it is not meat nor drink / Nor slumber nor a roof against the rain; / Nor yet a floating spar to men that sink / And rise and sink and rise and sink again; (St. Vincent Millay, 1-4). † All these ideas give life to humans but the point of the speaker is not to strengthen the idea of love but stating that love is not about living but dying. The poem is an irony of love as a source of life and comfort. The speaker wants to share that love is not as ideal as it can be. It is not like giving all the good things to obtain happiness because the speaker feels that love is like facing to death. The speaker wants to shed tears as he describes his experiences in love but he could not. â€Å"Love can not fill the thickened lung with breath, / Nor clean the blood, nor set the fractured bone; / Yet many a man is making friends with death (St. Vincent Millay, 5-7). † This part of the poem emphasizes the paradoxical concept of love where it could not provide life or saver to one’s body. Love is not selfless but selfish based on the description of the speaker. Therefore, it can be said that affection is not feeling like in heaven but almost in hell according to the speaker. Love gives you happiness when you fall in love but it gives you death when it breaks your heart. This is what the poem is from the beginning up to the end. â€Å"I might be driven to sell your love for peace, / Or trade the memory of this night for food. / It well may be. I do not think I would (St. Vincent Millay, 1-4). † However, in the end of the poem, the speaker himself accepts the fact that he could not fight against his love because his affection revolves around his woman. It only means that the speaker loves his woman so deeply that he could accept and endure the pain and sorrow but will not ever maker her suffer after almost killing the man by breaking his heart. In conclusion to this, the poem shows its main point in the beginning. In this case, the succeeding lines are only justifications of speaker’s emotions. In the end, the struggles and sufferings of the speaker still fades after feeling that he could not take any revenge against his woman because behind all the hatred and anguish against love, he still has his affection towards his love that no one could ever contain. Reference St. Vincent Millay, E. â€Å"Love is not all. †

Ethical principles contribute to good business operations

Businesses that practice good ethics tend to succeed in the business world. Not only is it the right thing to do it is also proven to pay off in financial gains. To have good ethics a business must be legal for starters. Businesses must conduct themselves with integrity, be honest, and fair. Businesses should manage relationships in an organizational and ethical manner as well. This allows employees to address problems with other employees and management without fear of retaliation. Management must effectively convey with employees and not put pressure on them to act unethically. They should also have a zero tolerance for any kind of sexual harassment or discrimination in the workplace. There are factors that may seem touchy in practicing good business ethics such as giving gifts. This can be perceived as bribes to some but innocent to others. To avoid any problems companies should have a policy set in place stating what is acceptable and the value of the acceptable gift in detail. There are principles the make a business have respectable business ethics. Some of these principles include the following: being trustful, keep open mind, meet obligations, have clear documents, stay involved in the community, maintain account control, and be respectful. Businesses should understand that consumers want to do business with a company that they trust. This built strength and a growing client base. For continued growth the leaders of the cooperation should keep an open mind foe new and improved ideas that help them growth. Honor all your commitments as a business try everything in your power to keep your customers happy. Make sure all that you advertise or promise is correct not falsely or incorrectly isrepresented this leads to distrust so stay on top of what is actually represented by your company. Participating in community events or staying involved in local affairs shows you care which could bring in more business because customers might trust you even more. Finally, treating others with respect regardless of any differences goes a long way in practicing good business ethics. There is little difference between service and manufacturing business. Discuss I believe this is totally false according to the research that I have done on this topic. First, of all manufacturing businesses sell different than service businesses. Manufacturing businesses creates and sells a physical while a service business just sells a service. For example, Pepsi sells Pepsi products which are a physical product that comes from a manufacturing business. If a lawyer represents the Pepsi Company he is not selling any products but rather a service. Manufacturing and Service businesses also reside in different locations. Manufacturing businesses need to be close to their customers either retail or distribution. Service businesses have more latitude. This depends on the service that is being offered. Some service businesses are successfully ran out of homes or warehouses. In these cases most of the time the client never visits the business. Accounting is another way that these businesses are run differently. Manufacturing businesses have inventory to keep track of while service businesses do not. However, service businesses have to levy a cost on the hours their service provider’s work. Manufacturing usually uses the account method. This method counts an invoice as income. If any returns happen then the company has to make an offset of the income. Which can lead to further reduction by the costs of goods sold to eventually find the company net profit. Finally, there is a thing called forecasting that manufacturing businesses do differently than service businesses. In a manufacturing business they count inventory first. Then it estimates the number it can produce in a certain amount of time. This is dictated by the equipment that the business has as well as forecasted or predicted sales. Lastly, they add up the cost for all goods sold. Service businesses run completely different. They have no costs of goods to keep track of except the cost of overhead. Since there is no inventory there is no way economize equipment that helps determine efficiency gains. In the end, service businesses base their forecast entirely on what the service providers themselves can manage. It is all up to them not any product or any kind of equipment. In conclusion, It is definitely more profitable to run a business I believe with the best ethical standards set in place for a business. People trust a company more that has a strong background and a known image of being trustworthy. Not practicing good business ethics can end a business fast or cause bankruptcy. It is best to do the right thing at all times no matter if it is in business or just life in general.

Event Management Theory Essay Example

Event Management Theory Essay Example Event Management Theory Essay Event Management Theory Essay Main Reading: Solomon, M. R. (2011) Consumer behaviour; buying, having and being, 9th edn. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc Consumers as Individuals How and Why consumers are defining their identities The process of consumer behaviour/buying behaviour Talk about consumer wants/needs Buyer = transaction-based description Customer = I am doing to you Consumer = ongoing process, consumption consumer is part of process KEY QUESTIONS Task 1 understand your current customers and market to them Task 2 identify your desired customers Task 3 understand your desired customers and market to them Realistic choice of customers to match your service? Service matching to your choice of customers? Restrictions of your current customers? i. e. age Clashes between customer groups? i. e. old customers vs newer, younger demographic Situational Analysis to Planning PESTLE SWOT And any others you can use/apply Consumer Requirements, Needs and Expectations social responsibility Sustainability Community THING CHANGE! corporate Demographics i. e. roles of women, children aging population Technology DEFINE OUR CONSUMER Psychographics: Lifestyle Personality PERCEPTION how we view our emotion toward something i. e. past experiences affect SENSES SENSES how we feel toward something: vision: colour, styling (be careful about cultures react to some things) scent : stress.. (Solomon, 2011, P89). Early associations: Smell -> memory -> mood mood action/inaction touch taste STIMULI learned patterns and expectations SEMIOTICS symbols to create meaning HEDONIC CONSUMPTION The pursuit of pleasure SENSORY MARKETING REFER TO WEEK 1 POWERPOINT Prepare a report presentation = both DUE 1 lth DECEMBER Look at UDO for MODULE HANDBOOK Heading to Cromford Mills on 1 lth October loam until 4pm sound: strategic decisions have also included the acquisition of petrol stations and Plan A is a good example for how strategic planning can alter an organisations brand image altogether, whilst still proving to be a functional and attainable channel for corporate responsibility. Of Plan A, Chief Executive Mark Bolland states It has the potential to create a first for the World; Plan A was designed to make Marks Spencer the first ne hundred percent sustainable international multi-channel business . This one goal is what Marks Spencer is aiming to achieve by the year 201 5 but to achieve this the organisation has many targets to reach by set periods of time. This report will analyse and evaluate what Marks Spencer have achieved up until this point, using Plan A as an example for their strategic management decisions. For the companys non-strategic management decisions, this report will provide numerous examples of Marks Spencer short-term impact methods and show how they are linked to the brands

Amazon River Basin Countries

Amazon River Basin Countries The Amazon River is the second longest river (it is just shorter than the Nile River in Egypt) in the world and it has the largest watershed or drainage basin as well as the most tributaries of any river in the world. For reference, a watershed is defined as the area of land that releases its water into a river. This entire area is often referred to as the Amazon Basin. The Amazon River begins with streams in the Andes Mountains in Peru and flows into the Atlantic Ocean about 4,000 miles (6,437 km) away.The Amazon River and its watershed encompass an area of 2,720,000 square miles (7,050,000 sq km). This area includes the largest tropical rainforest in the world - the Amazon Rainforest. In addition parts of the Amazon Basin also include grassland and savannah landscapes. As a result, this area is some of the least developed and most biodiverse in the world. Countries Included in the Amazon River Basin The Amazon River flows through three countries and its basin includes three more. The following is a list of these six countries that are part of the Amazon  River region arranged by their area. For reference, their capitals and populations have also been included. Brazil Area: 3,287,612 square miles (8,514,877 sq km)Capital: BrasiliaPopulation: 198,739,269 (July 2010 estimate) Peru Area: 496,225 square miles (1,285,216 sq km)Capital: LimaPopulation: 29,546,963 (July 2010 estimate) Colombia Area: 439,737 square miles (1,138,914 sq km)Capital: BogotaPopulation: 43,677,372 (July 2010 estimate) Bolivia Area: 424,164 square miles (1,098,581 sq km)Capital: La PazPopulation: 9,775,246 (July 2010 estimate) Venezuela Area: 352,144 square miles (912,050 sq km)Capital: CaracasPopulation: 26,814,843 (July 2010 estimate) Ecuador Area: 109,483 square miles (283,561 sq km)Capital: QuitoPopulation: 14,573,101 (July 2010 estimate) Amazon Rain Forest Over half the world rainforest is located in the Amazon Rain Forest which is also called Amazonia. The majority of the Amazon River Basin is within the Amazon Rain Forest. An estimated 16,000 species live in the Amazon. Although the Amazon Rain Forest is huge and is incredibly biodiverse its soil was not suitable for farming. For years researchers assumed that the forest must have been sparsely populated by humans because the soil could not support the agriculture needed for large populations. However, recent studies have shown the forest was much more densely populated than previously believed. Terra Preta The discovery of a type of soil known a terra preta has been found in the Amazon River Basin. This soil is the product of ancient jungle foresty. The dark soil is actually a fertilizer made from mixing charcoal, manure and bone. The charcoal is primarily what gives the soil its characteristic black color. While this ancient soil can be found in several countries in the Amazon River Basin its primarily found in Brazil. This isnt surprising as Brazil is the largest country in South America. Its so large it actually touches all but two other countries in South America.

ANOVA Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ANOVA - Statistics Project Example The results of the test were statistically significant, F(3, 14) = 23.39, p The strength of the relationship between the group of kidneys exposed to varying times of ischemia and % water content was very strong, as the value of R-sq. (83.37%) in Minitab output is very high and close to 1. The group of kidneys exposed to varying times of ischemia accounts for 83% (R-sq, taken from Minitab output) of the variance in % water content. Tukey’s pairwise comparisons showed that the % water content in control group is less compared to 30 min ischemia (95% confidence interval for difference is between 1.96% and 5.13%, taken from Minitab output), 60 min ischemia ((95% confidence interval for difference is between 0.87% and 3.56%) and 120 min ischemia (95% confidence interval for difference is between 2.13% and 5.30%). Fisher’s pairwise comparisons showed that the % water content in control group is less compared to 30 min ischemia (95% confidence interval for difference is between 2.38% and 4.72%, taken from Minitab output), 60 min ischemia ((95% confidence interval for difference is between 1.22% and 3.21%) and 120 min ischemia (95% confidence interval for difference is between 2.55% and 4.88%). Furthermore, the % water content in 60

Carrefour Company Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Carrefour Company Analysis - Assignment Example Cost leadership strategy focuses on the supply side of an enterprise and comprises of an integrated set of actions taken to produce goods or services with features that are acceptable to customers at the lowest possible cost in the market. Product differentiation alternatively creates a perception in customers’ minds that specific brands are unique and have superior qualities with respect to the image, reputation, reliability, designs, and quality compared to the similar other products in the market (Baroto et al., 2012). Niche markets are the narrow market segments having specific demands that are isolated due to geographic location or socio-economic factors. The principal risk factors in the retail industry are categorized as follows; 1) business environment: Political and social environment, Economic environment and market volatility, Environment, pressure and regulatory changes, Changes in the sector and the competitive Environment, Natural disasters and climate change, Terrorism and crime 2) strategy and governance: Strategy definition, adjustment and implementation, Compliance and fair practices, Corporate responsibility, Environment, Disputes/Litigation 3) operations: Relevance and performance of economic and business models, Operational and financial control of growth and expansion, Partnerships and franchising, Control of the supply chain, Product quality, compliance and safety, Safety of people and property, Human resource management, Continuity, integrity and confidentiality of information systems and Control and valuation of assets and 4) financial: Market risk, Liquidity risk, Interest-rate risk, Foreign-exchange risk, Equity risk, Quality of financial management, budgets and reporting and Credit risk. Specific business strategies have been articulated and designed to remain the long-term profitability of the company while successfully managing these risk factors.